Space is a dangerous place, not only because of meteors but also because of r...

李老师

Space is a dangerous place, not only because of meteors but also because of rays from the sun and other stars.  The atmosphere again acts as our protective blanket on earth.  Light get through, and this is essential for plants to make the food which we eat.  Heat, too, makes our environment endurable.  Various kinds of rays come through the air from outer space, but enormous quantities of radiation from the sun are screened off.  As soon as men leave the atmosphere they are exposed to this radiation but their spacesuits or the walls of their spacecraft, if they are inside, do prevent a lot of radiation damage.
        Radiation is the greatest known danger to explorers in space.  The unit of radiation is called “rem”.  Scientists have reason to think that a man can put up with far more radiation than 0.1 rem without being damaged; the figure of 60 rems has been agreed on.  The trouble is that it is extremely difficult to be sure about radiation damage—a person may feel perfectly well, but the cells of his or her sex organs may be damaged, and this will not be discovered until the birth of deformed children or even grandchildren.  Missions of the Apollo flights have had to cross belts of high radiation and, during the outward and return journeys, the Apollo crew accumulated a large amounts of rems.  So far, no dangerous amount of radiation have been reported, but the Apollo missions have been quite short.  We simply do not know yet how