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东北农业大学网络教育学院
大学英语第一册作业题（2014更新版）
一、单项选择题
1. A scientist who speaks and writes English is in closer touch with the scientists in other countries than _______ who doesn’t.
A. one B. those C. / D. that
2. -Have you found the problem with the car? -Sorry. It_____.
A. is checking B. is being checked C. has checked D. was being checked
3. Even if the treatment ________, there is still no magic pill for patients in the late stages of AIDs.
A. does B. uses C. works D. helps
4. If you need help ,for instance ,money or , let me know ,will you?
A．everything B．anything C．nothing D．something
5. _____, his father took him to a small island and he lived there until eighteen.
A. when he was three B. As a boy of three C. At the age of three D. Being three years old
6. He didn’t come today, ________ it necessary for us to find another person to do the work.
A. making B. makes C. made D. to make
7. You’ll have to wait for one more week, ___________ the manager will be back from his trip.
A. before B. when C. as D. until
8. ________ we were out of the traffic jam we were able to resume our normal speed.
A. Whenever B. No sooner C. In case D. Once
9. Only after a baby seal is pushed into the sea by its mother _______ to swim.
A. how will it learn B. will it learn how C. it will learn how D. and it learns how
10. -Serina has been watching the TV series the whole night.
- .
A．So her parents have B．So have been her parents C．Her parents have been so D．So have her parents
11. Japan has taken a more independent stand _________ .
A. as it does before B. as it did before C. than it does a few years ago D. than it did a few years ago
12. “If”he added, “________ enough time, we would certainly have done it better.”
A. given B. to be given C. give D. giving
13. “He gave me ________ $100!” he said with satisfaction.
A. no less than B. no more than C. something like D. only
14. There was a big log in the road which__________the traffic.
A set back B stood back C held up D kept down
15. If the car ________ just once more, I’m going to get a new one.
A. breaks out B. breaks off C. breaks down D. breaks up
16. He was attending a meeting , ________ come to your birthday party then.
A. unless he would have B. or he would C. nevertheless he did not D. or he would have
17. -Does Bill do his new job well? - ________ his old job. I’m afraid there’s no hope for him.
A. Not better than B. No better than C. Not so well as D. Not as well as
18. Memories of her staying with the host family in China often to the mind of the Italian exchange student．
A．come back B．call up C．hold back D．bring up
19. You are supposed to _______ in your composition yesterday.
A. hand B. have handed C. be handing D. handing
20. Ever since the Smiths moved to the suburbs a year ago, they ______ better health.
A. could have enjoyed B. had enjoyed C. have been enjoyed D. are enjoying
21. out of the office building ,suddenly a car stopped in front of me.
A．To come B．Having come C．Coming D．The moment I came
22. -- How is your plan getting along?
-- I can’t carry on ___________ any longer. I have to get help.
A. singly B. simply C. alone D. lonely
23. Some people hope, the rains will return and ease the hardship ______ the peasants of North China.
A. faced B. faces C. facing D. to face
24. Agriculture was a step in human progress which subsequently there was not anything comparable until our own machine age.
A．to B．in C．for D．from
25. I think this trip was well worth we had paid．
A．that B．what C．which D．how
26. -Canada is colder than China. -Are you joking ? It’s colder!
A．a little ;more B．little ;more C．a little; much D．little; much
27. -- Miss Eldon, please look again for those orders from the Diamond Store.
-- They’re not with the other orders, sir. They ___________ be there, but they’re not.
A. may B. should C. will D. ought to
28. Every student as well as teacher who to visit the museum asked to be at the school gate on time
A．is；is B．are；are C．is；are D．are；is
29. I haven’t seen you for a couple of days. What have you been up ___________?
A. in B. with C. to D. for
30. We teenagers are reminded to our manners in public places．
A．mind B．notice C．look D．care
31. Being spoiled, the girl could do ________ boiling eggs when his parents were out.
A. less than B. no more than C. no less than D. none other than
32. -- Hello. Is Doctor Smith in? -- Yes. But I’m sorry. He’s lying ill in bed, ___________ move about.
A. is not able to B. being unable to C. being not able to D. unable to
33. There were sun-beds and sun-shades _____ shades the entire length of the beach.
A．along B．across C．through D．over
34. I certainly appreciate ________ about the delay in delivering the materials because we had planned to begin work tomorrow.
A. him tell B. he tells C. his telling D. him to tell
35. It is a great for a person to be able to drive when he is seeking a job．
A．advantage B．chance C．fun D．importance
36. -How do you find your missing pen? -Wow, .
A. It writes well B. Quite by chance C. It lies in my drawer D. It was kept by my grandfather
37. One’s outlook cannot but _______ in what one says and does.
A. coming out B. come round C. come through D. come to
38. The Chang’e I lesson is that national goals can be met there is a strong enough will to do so.
A. where B. though C. before D. until
39. There are many things whose misuse is dangerous, but it is hard to think of anything that can be compared __________ cigarette products.
A in B with C among D by
40. The _________ is working on the house today,
A carpenter B plumber C mason D electrician
41. where to stand, and I’ll move the world.
A. Given B. If given C. Give me D. Giving me
42. Give me your telephone number__________I need your help.
Awhether B unless Cso that D in case
43. Sorry．At no time in this building，sir
A．is smoking permitted B．smoking is permitted C．does smoking permit D．smoking does permit
44. I didn’t hand in my term paper yesterday although I ________ . That’s why I feel so guilty now.
A. would B. should C. had to D. had better
45. The project won’t carry on we can get financial aid from the government．
A．unless B．though C．whether D．until
46. Today, housework has been made much easier by electrical __________.
A. facilities B. appliances C. equipment D. instruments
47. I would appreciate if you could give me a lift to the Lakefront School
A．that B．it C．you D．one
48. I advised her that in the presence of the princess she should not say anything until _______.
A. being asked B. asked C. to be asked D. having been asked
49. Do you think the reason ________ he gave is believable?
A. for which B. which C. why D. what
50. -What do you think of Johnny’s latest novel?
-Well ,I was really attracted by the first half of it ,but quite boring.
A．others were B．the others were C．the rest were D．the rest was
51. Although he knew little about the large amount of work done in the field, he succeeded ________ other more well - informed experimenters failed.
A. which B. that C. what D. where
52. It’s believed that children with single parents at my school were .
A．a few B．few C．in the minority D．for the minority
53. -I’m sorry, I shouldn’t have been so rude to you. -You ________ your temper but that’s OK.
A. have lost B. had lost C. did lose D. were losing
54. Fran is an honest girl; I say it, ___________ I don’t like her.
A. even though B. as if C. as long as D. as though
55. I think that this meal was well worth ________ was charged for it.
A. that B. what C. which D. how many
56. Professor Zhang gave all the textbooks to all the pupils, except ________ who had already taken them.
A. these B. ones C. the ones D. the others
57. My mother asked me to repeat ___________ telephone number ___________ second time so that she could write it down.
A. the ; a B. an ; the C. an ; a D. the ; the
58. ________ he is ,he seldom shows his precious coins to others.
A. Coin -collector as B. As a coin -collector C. A coin- collector as D. Coin- collector that
59. I bought a new type of cell-phone, which was the ___________ of all my classmate.
A. admire B. wish C. respect D. envy
60. When he was running across the field, he _________a log.
A fell down B fell off C fell into D fell over
61. Though expensive, a coat made of synthetic material lasts longer than _______ made of cloth.
A. that B. those are C. which is D. the ones
62. -Is the experiment easy? - ________ . I’ll just do my bit.
A. I think so B. Certainly C. Not a little D. Anything but
63. -I’m so glad to have got recovered so soon with your help. Thank you very much, Dr. Brown!
- .
A. You’re welcome B. With pleasure C. Not at all D. My duty
64. It is a great for a person to be able to drive when he is seeking a job．
A．advantage B．chance C．fun D．importance
65. ______that all mountain roads were closed.
A．So became the dangerous weather B．So dangerous did the weather become
C．So dangerous became the weather D．Dangerous the weather became so
66. The old lady has _______ a lot of pain in the last four years.
A. got through B. got over C. gone over D. gone through
67. I think this trip was well worth we had paid．
A．that B．what C．which D．how
68. Ever since the Smiths moved to the suburbs a year ago, they ______ better health.
A. could have enjoyed B. had enjoyed C. have been enjoyed D. are enjoying
69. -- Miss Eldon, please look again for those orders from the Diamond Store.
-- They’re not with the other orders, sir. They ___________ be there, but they’re not.
A. may B. should C. will D. ought to
70. ________ we were out of the traffic jam we were able to resume our normal speed.
A. Whenever B. No sooner C. In case D. Once
71. Being spoiled, the girl could do ________ boiling eggs when his parents were out.
A. less than B. no more than C. no less than D. none other than
72. The mistake that is made on television ________ believing that anyone can speak interestingly.
A. relies on B. consists in C. consists of D. consists with
73. It is necessary that an efficient worker ______ his work on time.
A. accomplishes B. has accomplished C. can accomplish D. accomplish
74. -- Do you think living in the country has advantages?
-- ____________.
A. Yes, perfectly B. Yes, it is C. All right D. Well, that depends
75. The neighbors do not consider him quite _________ as most evening he awakens them with his drunken singing.
A respectful B respectable C respected D respective
76. It will take ____ time, but I’m sure you’ll learn the rules of golf in the end.
A．1ittle B．1ittle of C．a little D．a little of
77. We consider _________ the instrument should be adjusted each time it is used.
A. that it necessary B. necessary that C. it necessary that D. necessary of it that
78. Not having worked out the program, ________ leave the office.
A. so he was forbidden to B. and he didn't want to
C. his little son couldn't make him D. he couldn’t free himself to
99. I’ve already told you that I’m going to buy it _________.
A. however much it costs B. however does it cost much C. how much does it cost D. no matter how it costs
80. ________ he had forgotten to take his notebook.
A. That occurred to him B. He occurred that C. To him that occurred D. It occurred to him that
81. 16. This is the same story ______ I heard ten years ago.
A. that B. which C. about that D. of which
82. I’ve never been to Beijing ,but it’s the place .
A．where I’d like to visit B．I most want to visit C．in which I’d like to visit D．that I want to visit it most
83. I bought a new type of cell-phone, which was the ___________ of all my classmate.
A. admire B. wish C. respect D. envy
84. A new technique _______ worked out, we set about our project.
A. being B. to be C. having D. having been
85. You’ll have to wait for one more week, ___________ the manager will be back from his trip.
A. before B. when C. as D. until
86. Written in a hurry,
A．they find many mistake in the report B．Sam made many mistakes in the report
C．there are lots of mistake in the report D．the report is full of spelling mistakes
87. I advised her that in the presence of the princess she should not say anything until _______.
A. being asked B. asked C. to be asked D. having been asked
88. Fran is an honest girl; I say it, ___________ I don’t like her.
A. even though B. as if C. as long as D. as though
89. Do you think the reason ________ he gave is believable?
A. for which B. which C. why D. what
90. -Excuse me .I want to have a letter mailed ,but I can’t find a post office.
-I know nearby .Come on , I’ll show you.
A．it B．one C．that D．another
91. There were sun-beds and sun-shades _____ shades the entire length of the beach.
A．along B．across C．through D．over
92. -Have you found anything interesting? -None of the information_____ particularly useful to me.
A．is B．are C．have D．has
93. If Mary can _______ a solution by herself, I should be very grateful.
A. come up with B. come up to C. get on with D. put up with
94. Mr. Chen gradually ________ a knowledge of the subject.
A. attained B. achieved C. acquired D. enquired
95. ________ numerous at the turn of the century, the number of tigers in India had fallen to 2,500 by 1969.
A. In spite of B. Although C. As D. Despite
96. The old man has four children, the youngest of _________ is Jack.
A. that B. which C. whom D. who
97. I regret _______ him a thief, but I regret even more his stealing my watch!
A. to call B. to have called C. having called D. called
98. I don't like the paintings．It doesn't well with the walls of the room．
A．fit B．suit C．go D．match
99. It is not considered ________ in this country to touch the head of an adult person.
A. respective B. respectful C. respectable D. respecting
100. -What do you think of Johnny’s latest novel?
-Well ,I was really attracted by the first half of it ,but quite boring.
A．others were B．the others were C．the rest were D．the rest was
101. -Serina has been watching the TV series the whole night. - .
A．So her parents have B．So have been her parents C．Her parents have been so D．So have her parents
102. We teenagers are reminded to our manners in public places．
A．mind B．notice C．look D．care
103. These folk songs are familiar _________ the local people .
A. with B. of C. to D. on
104. Some people hope, the rains will return and ease the hardship ______ the peasants of North China.
A. faced B. faces C. facing D. to face
105. Bumper harvests are guaranteed even ________ drought .
A. as a result of B. with respect to C. in the event of D. by reason of
106. - Why did he say so? - Sorry, I don't understand ________he has said means.
A. all what B. what all C. all that D. that all
107. Although the false banknote fooled many people, they did not _____ close examination.
A. put up B. keep up C. stand up to D. look up to
108. Professor Zhang gave all the textbooks to all the pupils, except ________ who had already taken them.
A. these B. ones C. the ones D. the others
109. Sorry．At no time in this building，sir
A．is smoking permitted B．smoking is permitted C．does smoking permit D．smoking does permit
110. I would appreciate if you could give me a lift to the Lakefront School
A．that B．it C．you D．one
111. Now nobody expected the chairman to___at the party meeting yet. We thought he was still in hospital.
A turn in B tum over C turn up D tum down
112. “He gave me ________ $100!” he said with satisfaction.
A. no less than B. no more than C. something like D. only
113. One’s outlook cannot but _______ in what one says and does.
A. coming out B. come round C. come through D. come to
114. -Why didn’t you turn up at my sister’s wedding ceremony? - ，man
A．Yes, I didn’t B．No, I did C．Neither did I D．But I did
115. You are supposed to _______ in your composition yesterday.
A. hand B. have handed C. be handing D. handing
116. Dennis ,if you are late again, I’ll phone your parents .I’m ,you know.
A．serious B．careful C．true D．promising
117. She never laughed, ________ ever lose her temper.
A. so did she B. but she did not C. and nor she did D. nor did she
118. Although he knew little about the large amount of work done in the field, he succeeded ________ other more well - informed experimenters failed.
A. which B. that C. what D. where
119. He was attending a meeting , ________ come to your birthday party then.
A. unless he would have B. or he would C. nevertheless he did not D. or he would have
120. The death of the president was a _________ the company.
A check to B set back to C set off D reorganization
121. It is necessary that an efficient worker ______ his work on time.
A. accomplishes B. has accomplished C. can accomplish D. accomplish
122. We consider _________ the instrument should be adjusted each time it is used.
A. that it necessary B. necessary that C. it necessary that D. necessary of it that
123. My cousin became a soldier in 1988 and served____the Army until 2001.
A. in B. for C. 不填 D. at
124. Some people hope, the rains will return and ease the hardship ______ the peasants of North China.
A. faced B. faces C. facing D. to face
125. A new technique _______ worked out, we set about our project.
A. being B. to be C. having D. having been
126. When it comes to bringing up children ,some people say______strict control produces
______well-behaved children.
A．不填；the B．the；不填 C．不填；不填 D．the; the
127. Dennis ,if you are late again, I’ll phone your parents .I’m ,you know.
A．serious B．careful C．true D．promising
128. -- How is your plan getting along? -- I can’t carry on ___________ any longer. I have to get help.
A. singly B. simply C. alone D. lonely
129. I am writing _________ my mother, to express her thanks for your gift.
A. in honor of B. instead of C. on behalf of D. by way of
130. “ You finally made it, didn’t you?” “ Yes, _______ my brother’s help, I would have finished the work.”
A. as a result of B. as for C. but for D. for the sake of
121. If Mary can _______ a solution by herself, I should be very grateful.
A. come up with B. come up to C. get on with D. put up with
132. Ever since the Smiths moved to the suburbs a year ago, they ______ better health.
A. could have enjoyed B. had enjoyed C. have been enjoyed D. are enjoying
133. He loves doing some reading at home _______ to the cinema.
A. than to go B. more than going C. than going D. rather than to go
134. -What do you think of Johnny’s latest novel?
-Well ,I was really attracted by the first half of it ,but quite boring.
A．others were B．the others were C．the rest were D．the rest was
135. ________ we were out of the traffic jam we were able to resume our normal speed.
A. Whenever B. No sooner C. In case D. Once
136. He prefers to type a letter _______.
A. to sit idle B. that sit idle C. to sitting idle D. rather than sit idle
137. You’ll have to wait for one more week, ___________ the manager will be back from his trip.
A. before B. when C. as D. until
138. -Hey, Dad, can I have____ car on Friday night? -What do you need it for? -I want to take Sally to ___movie.
A. a; a B. the; 不填 C. the; a D. a; the
139. The curious children watched the towers _______.
A. erected B. be erected C. to be erected D. being erected
140. Scientists say it may be five or ten years _________ it is possible to test this medicine on human beings.
A. since B. before C. after D. when
141. Give me your telephone number__________I need your help.
Awhether B unless Cso that D in case
142. It is not considered ________ in this country to touch the head of an adult person.
A. respective B. respectful C. respectable D. respecting
143. Although the false banknote fooled many people, they did not _____ close examination.
A. put up B. keep up C. stand up to D. look up to
144. -- Miss Eldon, please look again for those orders from the Diamond Store.
-- They’re not with the other orders, sir. They ___________ be there, but they’re not.
A. may B. should C. will D. ought to
145. -Serina has been watching the TV series the whole night. - .
A．So her parents have B．So have been her parents C．Her parents have been so D．So have her parents
146. -I’m sorry, I shouldn’t have been so rude to you. -You ________ your temper but that’s OK.
A. have lost B. had lost C. did lose D. were losing
147. All flights because of the snowstorm ,many passengers could do nothing but wait.
A．had been cancelled B．were cancelled C．have been cancelled D．having been cancelled
148. ________ he is ,he seldom shows his precious coins to others.
A. Coin -collector as B. As a coin -collector C. A coin- collector as D. Coin- collector that
149. Fran is an honest girl; I say it, ___________ I don’t like her.
A. even though B. as if C. as long as D. as though
150. If you need help ,for instance ,money or , let me know ,will you?
A．everything B．anything C．nothing D．something
二、阅读理解
1
Once upon a time in the West, the only acceptable role models available to women were that of the wife and mother. But now, not only are feminist critics and historians rediscovering the heroines of the past, we have also enough real heroines around today to believe our own new dreams of power.
Although Madonna’s star might be getting less bright in Britain and America, let us not underestimate her influence. Many young women used to think that being a strong, feminist, demanding woman meant that they might have to give up their claims to be sexual, funny and individualist. But here is someone who is completely in control of her life, her art, her performance. When she grabs her crotch on stage or sells a book o f pin-up pictures of herself, we can see her recreating images that have been used before only to exploit women , and using them to show women that their sexuality is something to be proud of .
No wonder of Madonna’s fans are not men but young women. They are responding to this new, real possibility that they can play with fire and may not get burnt. They identify with the fat that Madonna controls all aspects of her art, rather than being the innocent victim.
Another female icon whose power has swept through women’s imaginations is Margaret Thatcher. It is all very well for her to say that she does not think she woes the women’s movement anything. What is important for women, whether or not they sympathizes with her methods, politics or rhetoric, is that here was a woman who stood with the men at the G7 summits or in the British Cabinet as a leader among leaders.
She is not an icon that is easy to cope with. Just as with Madonna, she goes against the grain of the most traditional images of female power. But by breaking through the male cordons of the British establishment she has made sure that never again can a woman’s ability to run a democratic country be questioned just because she is a woman.
31.It can be seen from the passage that Madonna’s influence is _________.
A. more and more increasing B. still great in society C. becoming less and less D. disappearing as time goes by
32.Most of Madonna’s fans are young women because _________.
A. she controls all aspects of her life and art B. she sells a book of pin-up pictures of herself
C. she grabs her crotch on stage D. she uses her pictures to show that she is sexy
33.It is indicated in the passage that Margaret Thatcher __________.
A. became successful because she was the only stateswoman among statesmen.
B. Thinks male British leaders should have done more to help women
C. Thinks her success has nothing to do with the women’s movement
D. Has donated a large sum of money to the women’s movement
34.The example of Margaret Thatcher shows that __________.
A. everyone should support the women’s movement B women should learn to work together with men
C one’s ability should not be judged by sex D women should not seek to be sexual only
35.The main idea of the passage is __________.
A. women have gathered strength from the women’s movement B. women have achieved a new-found power
C women should take careers to realize their power D women’s role should be in the home
2
In science the meaning of the word “explain” suffers with civilization’s every step in search of reality. Science cannot really explain electricity, magnetism, and gravitation; their effects can be measured and predicted, but of their nature no more is known to the modern scientist than to Thales who first speculated on the electrification of amber. Most contemporary physicists reject the notion that man can ever discover what these mysterious forces”really” are. “Electricity”, Bertrand Russell says, “ is not a thing, like St. Paul’s Cathedral; it is a way in which things behave. When we have told how things behave when they are electrified, and under what circumstances they are electrified, we have told all there is to tell.” Until recently scientists would have disapproved to such an ideA.
Aristotle, for example, whose natural science dominated Western thought for two thousand years, believed that man could arrive at an understanding of reality by reasoning from self-evident principles. He felt, for example, that it is a self-evident principle that everything in the universe has the ground because that’s where it belongs. The goal of Aristotelian science was to explain why things happen. Modern science was born when Galileo began trying to explain how things happen and thus originated the method of controlled experiment which now forms the basis of scientific investigation.
36. The aim of the controlled experiment is ___________.
A. to explain why things happen B. to explain how things happen
C. to form the basis of scientific investigation. D. to prove accepted theories
37. What principles most influenced scientific thought for two thousand years?
A. Thales’ speculations. B. Self-evident principles.
C. Aristotle’s natural science. D. Russell’s theory on electricity.
38. Bertrand Russell’s notion about electricity is __________.
A. disapproved of by most modern scientists B. in agreement with Aristotle’s theory of self-evident principles
C. disagreed by Galileo’s theory D. supported by scientific investigation directed toward “how”things happen
39. The passage says that until recently scientists disagreed with the idea that _________.
A. man can’t discover what forces “really” are B. there are mysterious forces in the universe
C. there are self-evident principles D. we can discover why things behave as they do
40. According to Aristotle, that objects fall to the ground __________.
A. is a result of reasoning B. could be explained from self-evident principles
C. is an instance of self-evident principle D. could be tested by experience
3
When John Milton, writer of“Paradise Lost”, entered Cambridge University, in 1625, he was already skilled in Latin after seven years of studying it as his second language at St. Paul’s School, London. Like all English boys who prepared for college in grammar schools, he had learned not only to read Latin but also to speak and write it smoothly and correctly. His pronunciation of Latin was English, however, and seemed to have sounded strange to his friends when he later visited Italy.
Schoolboys gained their skill in Latin in a bitter way. They kept in mind the rules to make learning by heart easier. They first made a word -for -word translation and then an idiomatic translation into English. As they increased their skill, they translated their English back into Latin without referring to the book and then compared their translation with the original. The schoolmaster was always at hand to encourage them. All schoolmasters believed Latin should be beaten in.
After several years of study, the boys began to write compositions in imitation of the Latin writers they read. And as they began to read Latin poems, they began to write poems in Latin. Because Milton was already a poet at ten, his poems were much better than those painfully put together by the other boys. During the seven years Milton spent at university, he made regular use of his command of Latin. He wrote some excellent Latin poems, which he published among his works in 1645.
41．What does the passage mainly tell about? A. How John Milton wrote“ Paradise Lost”.
B. How John Milton studied Latin. C. How John Milton became famous. D. How John Milton became a poet.
42．Which of the following is true of John Milton’s pronunciation of Latin?
A. It has a strong Italian accent. B. It has an uncommon accent.
C. It was natural and easy to understand. D. It was bad and difficult to understand.
43．It can be inferred from the passage that________.
A. Milton’s training in Latin was similar to that of the other boys
B. Milton hadn’t learned any foreign language except Latin before going to college
C. Milton’s Italian friends helped him with Latin when talking
D. Milton's classmates learned Latin harder but worse than Milton
44．Which of the following is suggested in the passage?
A. The schoolmaster mainly helped those who were bad at Latin.
B. The schoolmaster usually stood beside the schoolboys with a stick in his hand.
C. The schoolboys could repeat Latin grammar rules from memory.
D. Some of the schoolboys were quick at writing compositions in Latin.
45．What is the meaning of the underlined part“ Latin should be beaten in”that the writer wishes you to understand?
A. Schoolboys should be punished if they were lazy to learn Latin.
B. Schoolboys should be encouraged if they had difficulty in learning Latin.
C. Schoolboys were expected to master Latin in a short time.
D. Schoolboys had to study Latin in a hard way.
4
Between about 1910 and 1930, new artistic movements in European art were making themselves felt in the United States. American artists became acquainted with the new art on their trips to Paris and at the exhibitions in the famous New York gallery “291”( named after its address on Fifth Avenue) of the photographer Alfred Stieglitz. But most important in the spread of the modern movements in the United States was the sensational Armory Show of the 1913 held in New York, in which the works of many of the leading European artists were seen along with the works of a number of progressive American painters.
Several of the American modernists who were influenced by the Armory Show found the urban landscape, especially New York, an appealing subject. Compared with the works of the realist painters, the works of American modernists were much further removed from the actual appearance of the city; they were more interested in the “feel “ of the city, more concerned with the meaning behind appearance. However, both the painters of the Ash Can School” and the later realists were still tied to nineteenth-century or earlier styles, while the early modernists shared in the international breakthroughs of the art of the twentieth century.
The greatest of these breakthroughs was Cubism, developed most fully in France between 1907 and 1914, which brought about a major revolution in Western painting. It overturned the regional tradition that had been built upon since the Renaissance. In cubism, natural forms were broken down analytically into geometric shapes. No longer was a clear differentiation made between the figure and the background of a painting: the objects represented and the surface on which they were painted became one. The Cubists abandoned the conventional single vantage point of the viewer, and objects depicted from multiple viewpoints were shown at the same way.
46.What’s the main topic of the passage?
A. Modern art movements in the United States.
B. The great influence of Cubism.
C. Several American modernists found urban landscape an appealing subject.
D. Contemporary artists in the United States.
47.Which of the following is not mentioned as a means through which American artists learned about new movements?
A. Trips to Paris. B Lectures by European artists.
C The exhibitions in the famous New York gallery “291”. D The sensational Armory Show in 1913.
48.What was exhibited on the sensational Armory Show of 1913 in New York?
A. Works of many leading European artists as well as works of many progressive American painters.
B. Works of all the European artists and American painters.
C. Works of a number of American modernists and painters of the “Ash Can School”.
D. Works of European artists only.
49.According to the author, which of the following was a major new movement in twentieth-century art?
A. Impressionism. B. Cubism. C. The rational tradition. D. Realism.
50.What do we know about Cubism?
A. It made a clear differentiation between the figure and the background of a painting.
B. Natural forms were broken down analytically into shape of a square.
C. The object represented and the surface on which they were painted became one.
D. The Cubists preserved the conventional single vantage point of the viewer.
5
We are all familiar with magnets. The Chinese knew about them in the eleventh century. But the earth itself is also a magnet, with a magnetic North and a magnetic South.
No one really understands very much about the earth’s magnetism, although many people have written about it. Scientists believe the center of the earth is like an enormous magnet, giving out a steady magnetic force. This slowly moves away from the center and up to the surface. By the time it reaches the surface the force is really very weak.
Magnetism is measured by a unit called the gauss. The earth’s magnetic force is much weaker. It measures about 0.7 gauss at the North and South Poles. The weakest point is near Rio de Janeiro at 0.3 gauss.
Many scientists now believe the magnetism of the earth may have a strong influence on life itself. In the distant past many kinds of animals and plants died out suddenly, when the North and South magnetic Poles changed position.
Animals, birds and even people are to some extent controlled by magnetic forces. When there is a sudden increase in magnetic strength, many animals have difficulty finding their way. Mice ,placed near a strong magnet, lose their hair and die early. And when the earth’s magnetism suddenly decreases, the number of men or women who kill themselves increases.
How much does the earth’s magnetism control our lives? We can not know for certain. We do know this magnetism is getting weaker and we know that in 2500 years the magnetic poles may change position again. And we know when this happened in the past there were enormous changes in life on Earth.
51. Which one of the following statements is true?
A. The earth is a magnet with many magnetic poles.
B. The earth has a very feeble magnet.
C. The Chinese knew about magnets as far back as eleven centuries ago.
D. It’s not clear whether the earth’s magnet has any impact on its beings.
52. What is true about the center of the earth?
A. Science has proved that the center of the earth is an enormous magnet.
B. The center of the earth gives out a very weak magnetic force.
C. The center of the earth has the strongest magnetic force than elsewhere.
D. The magnetic force at the center of the earth is unstable.
53. According to the passage, what will happen if the magnetic force of the earth increase suddenly?
A. Doves will not be able to find their way back. B People will commit suicide.
C People will become mad and abnormal. D Rats will reproduce very rapidly.
54.According to the passage, the magnetic force of the earth _________.
A. is controlling more and more people B is disappearing little by little
C is becoming weaker and weaker D is hard to predict
55. What does the author imply in the last sentence of the passage?
A. There will be great changes in life in the future. B Animals will die out in the future.
C The human race will die out in 2500 years. D The earth will meet its ruin.
6
A few days ago I asked my sons’ governess（女家庭教师）Julia to come into my study. “Be seated, Julia, ”I said, “Let’s settle our accounts. I guess you most likely need some money, but maybe you’re too polite to mention it. Now then, we agreed on thirty dollars a month...”
“Forty.”
“No, thirty. I made a note of it. I always pay our governess thirty. Well, um, you’ve been here two months, so...”
“Two months and five days.”
“Exactly two months. I made a special note of it. That means you have sixty dollars coming to you. Take off nine Sundays... you know you didn’t work with Tom on Sundays, you only took walks. And three holidays... ”Julia was biting her finger nail nervously, her face red, but - not a worD.
“Three holidays, therefore take off twelve dollars. Four days Tom was sick and there were no lessons, as you were occupied only with Dick. Three days you had a toothache and my wife gave you permission not to work after lunch. Twelve and seven - nineteen. Take nineteen off ... that leaves. hmm.... forty one dollars. Correct？”
Julia’s left eye reddened with tears welling up. Her chin trembled; she coughed nervously and blew her nose, but - still not a worD.
“Around New Year’s Day you broke a teacup and a saucer; take off two dollars. The cup cost more, it was a treasure of the family, but- forget it. When didn’t I take a loss! Then, due to your neglect （疏忽）, Tom climbed a tree and tore his jacket; take away ten. Also due to your carelessness the maid stole Dick’s shoes. You ought to watch everything! You get paid for it. So, that means five more dollars off. The tenth of January I gave ten dollars.”
“You didn’t. ”sobbed JuliA.
“But I made a note of it.”
“Well... if you say so.”
“Take twenty seven from forty one -that leaves fourteen.”
Both her eyes were filled with tears. Beads of sweat stood on the thin pretty little nose. Poor girl!
“Only once was I given any money,” she whispered, her voice trembling, “and that was by your wife. Three dollars, nothing more.”
“Really? You see now, and I didn’t know that! Take three from fourteen.. leaves eleven. Here’s your money, my dear. Three, three, three, one and one. Here it is !”
I handed her eleven dollars. She took them and pocketed them.
“Merci （法语: 谢谢）,”she whispereD.
I jumped to my feet and started pacing the room. I was overcome with anger. “For what, this - ‘merci’?” I askeD.
“For the money. ”
“But you know I’ve cheated you - robbed you ! I have actually stolen from you ! Why this‘merci’？”
“In my other places they didn’t give me anything at all.”
“They didn’t give you anything? No wonder! I played a little joke on you, a cruel lesson, just to teach you... I m going to give you all the eighty dollars! Here they are in the envelope all ready for you... Is it really possible to be so spineless （懦弱）?Why didn’t you protest? Why were you silent? Is it possible in this world to be without teeth and claws（爪）-to be such a fool?”
Embarrassed, she smileD. And I could read her expression,“It is possible.”
I asked her pardon for the cruel lesson and, to her great surprise, gave her the eighty dollars. She murmured her little“merci”several times and went out. I looked after her and thought,“How easy it is to crush the weak in this world !”
56．While talking to Julia, the wrier expected from her ________.
A. a protest B. gratitude C. obedience D. an explanation
57．What shocked the writer was Julia’s ________.
A. nervousness in front of her boss B. acceptance of injustice
C. shyness when talking about money D. reluctance to express herself
58．The writer said, “Is it possible in this world to be without teeth and claws?” He was actually telling the governess ________.
A. to be more aggressive B. to be more careful in her work C. to protect her right D. to live independently
59．At the end of the story, the writer said,“ How easy it is to crush the weak in this world!”to show ________.
A. his understanding of Julia’s anxiety B. his worry about Julia’s future
C. his concern on the living condition of working - class people
D. his sympathy for the mental state of those exploited
60．From the story, we can tell that Julia’s employer was ________.
A. greedy but honest B. ill - tempered but warm – hearted C. strict but forgiving D. none of the above
7
So long as teachers fail to distinguish between teaching and learning , they will continue to undertake to do for children that which only children can do for themselves. Teaching children to read is not passing reading on to them. It is certainly not endless hours spent in activities about reading. Douglas insists that“ reading cannot be taught directly and schools should stop trying to do the impossible”.
Teaching and learning are two entirely different processes. They differ in kind and function. The function of teaching is to create the conditions and the climate that will make it possible for children to devise the most efficient system for teaching themselves to read. Teaching is also public activity. It can be seen and observed.
Learning to read involves all that each individual does to make sense of the world of printed language. Almost all of it is private ,for learning is an occupation of the mind ,and that process is not open to public scrutiny.
If teacher and learner roles are not interchangeable ,what then can be done through teaching that will aid the child in the quest（探索）for knowledge? Smith has one principal rule for all teaching instructions. “Make learning to read easy, which means making reading a meaningful, enjoyable and frequent experience for children. ”
When the roles of teacher and learner are seen for what they are, and when both teacher fulfil them appropriately, then much of the pressure and feeling of failure for both is eliminated. Learning to read is made easier when teachers create an environment where children are given the opportunity to solve the problem of leaning to read by reading.
61．The problem with the reading course as mentioned in the first paragraph is that ________.
A. it is one of the most difficult school courses B. students spend endless hours in reading
C. reading tasks are assigned with little guidance D. too much time is spent in teaching about reading
62．The teaching of reading will be successful if ________.
A. teachers can improve conditions at school for the students
B. teachers can enable students to develop their own way of reading
C. teachers can devise the most effcient system for reading
D. teachers can make their teaching activities observable
63．The underlined word“ scrutiny” most probably means“________”.
A. inquiry B. observation C. control D. suspicion
64．According to the passage, learning to read will no longer be a difficult task when ________.
A. children become highly motivated B. teacher and learner roles are interchangeable
C. teaching helps children in the search for knowledge D. reading enriches children’s experience
65．The main idea of the passage is that ________.
A. teachers should do as little as possible in helping students learn to read
B. teachers should encourage students to read as widely as possible
C. reading ability is something acquired rather than taught
D. reading is more complicated that generally believed
8
Animals other than humans have not developed communications comparable to human language. But is it possible that other animals have the capacity to learn a language if they are adequately taught? Obviously, this is a fascination notion. The idea of communicating directly with another species has long been a part of human folklore and children’s fantasies. But on a scientific level, the question of whether animals can learn a language is important primarily because it relates to the controversy()between the cognitive and the learning approaches to language. If language is dependent on and is actually an outgrowth of the intellectual structure of the human mind, there is the strong supposition that only humans are capable of using language. Therefore, Noam Chomsky and other psycholinguists have argued that only humans can learn a language, while most behaviorists feel that with sufficient patience it should be possible to teach an animal some sort of language. Although the two schools of thought clearly differ on this point, it is not really a crucial test of the two theories. If a chimpanzee can master a simple language all it would mean is that the chimp’s intellectual capacity and brain structure are more similar to ours than we thought. It would not necessarily imply that our intellectual structure is unimportant in our own mastery of language. Thus, teaching an animal language is an impressive demonstration of the power of learning techniques, but it is not evidence that language is developed entirely through learning.
On the other hand, the question of whether other animals can learn a language is fascination in its own right, aside from its value as a test of the two theories of language development. Accordingly, whatever one’s position on the theoretical dispute, we must consider training an animal to use language a dramatic accomplishment.
66.Which of the following statements is the view of psycholinguists?
A. The cognitive view of language learning says that only human beings can learn language because it is an outgrowth of the structure of the human mind.
B. Other animals simply could master a language.
C. The animals intellectual capacity is much better than human beings.
D. Language is developed by learning.
67.The behaviorists’ view is that __________.
A. language is actually an outgrowth of intellectual structure of the animal’s mind
B. animals have not developed communications system
C. given enough patience, a man should be able to teach an animal some sort of language
D. only human beings can learn language
68.That an animal can master a simple language means that __________.
A. human’s intellectual structure is not important
B. animals’ intellectual capacity and brain structure are more similar to the humans’
C. the learning techniques are much more important
D. language is developed completely by learning
69.The main idea of paragraph two is ___________.
A. teaching a chimp language is not crucial test of the two theories
B. their brain structure is not similar to human
C. using various methods to let the chimp master a language
D. training a nonhuman to use language is an amazing accomplishment
70.The best title for this passage would be _________.
A. Animals’ language B Human’s language
C Teaching Animals’ Language D Can Other Animals Acquire Language?
9
Disraeli was as sparkling a letter-writer as he was a novelist. His letters show that his capacity to observed was matched only by his ability to describe, and they are excited by his over-developed sense of self-dramatization as well as by his enduring sense of the greatness of his own destiny. He skims through these pages like some gorgeous bird of paradise, spreading his multi-colored feathers and never pausing long enough to become boring.
As early as 1830, when only 26, he is found advising Benjamin Austin to carefully conserve his letters for posterity. Fortunately Austin and others followed his advicA. As a result over 10,000 letters in his own hand have survived, quite apart from dictated letters and other notes and documents. Disraeli rarely kept a diary, and poured his thoughts, desires and reflections into his correspondencA.
What treasures there lie in store! We leave him 1837 with his longed-for election to Parliament, but ahead come into view the high peaks of his career with the twin mountains of his two premierships and his friendship with the Queen. Lord Esher maintained that the letters between Disraeli and Queen Victoria had largely been destroyed, but this was not so. A new, bright and searching light will eventually shine on that extraordinary political and romantic friendship.
71. This passage appears to be written by _______.
A a friend of Disraeli's B a contemporary of Disraeli's C a literary critic D an autobiographer
72. ...his capacity to observe was matched only by his ability to describA... means
A he was as accomplished an observer as he was a descriptive writer
B his capacity to observe and his ability to describe were unrivalled
C he was capable of adapting descriptions to fit his observations
D his observations and descriptions reflected his own personal ambitions
73. During his lifetime Disraeli pursued the career of _______.
A a correspondent B a politician C a novelist D a consultant
74. Even as a young man Disraeli realized that one day his letters would be _______.
A antiquated B well-connected C destroyed D widely-read
75. Disraeli's two premierships and his friendship with the Queen are described as being _______.
A obstacles to surmount B unsurmountable obstacles C pinnacles of success D impossible challenges
10
It is said that the public and Congressional concern about deceptive packaging rumpus started because Senator Hart discovered that the boxes of cereals consumed by him, Mrs. Hart, and their children were becoming higher and narrower, with a decline of net weight from 12 to 10 1/2 ounces, without any reduction in price. There were still twelve biscuits, but they had been reduced in size. Later, the Senator rightly complained of a store-bought pie in a handsomely illustrated box that pictured, in a single slice, almost as many cherries as there were in the whole pie.
The manufacturer who increases the unit price of his product by changing his package size to lower the quantity delivered can, without undue hardship, put his product into boxes, bags, and tins that will contain even 4-ounce, 8-ounce, one-pound, two-pound quantities of breakfast foods, cake mixes, etC. A study of drugstore and supermarket shelves will convince any observers that all possible sizes and shapes of boxes, jars, bottles, and tins are in use at the same time, and, as the package journals show, week by week, there is never any hesitation in introducing a new size and shape of box or bottle when it aids in product differentiation. The producers of packaged products argue strongly against changing sizes of packages to contain even weights and volumes, but no one in the trade comments unfavorably on the huge costs incurred by endless changes of package sizes, materials, shape, art work, and net weights that are used for improving a product's market position.
When a packaging expert explained that he was able to multiply the price of hard sweets by 2.5, from $1 to $ 2.5 by changing to a fancy jar, or that he had made a 5-ounce bottle look as though it held 8 ounces, he was in effect telling the public that packaging can be a very expensive luxury. It evidently does come high, when an average filmily pays about $ 200 a year from bottles, cans, boxes, jars and other containers, most of which can't be used for anything but stuffing the garbage can.
76 What started the public and Congressional concern about deceptive packaging rumpus?
A Consumers' complaints about the changes in package size.
B Expensive packaging for poor quality products.
C A Senator's discovery of the tricks in packaging.
D The rise in the unit price for many products.
77. The word "undue" (ParA. 2)means___________.
A improper B adequate C unexpected D excessive
78. Consumers are concerned about the changes in package size mainly because___________.
A they hate to see any changes in things they are familiar with
B the unit price for a product often rises as a result
C they have to pay for the Cost of changing package sizes
D this entails an increase in the cost of packaging
79. According to this passage, various types of packaging come into existence to___________.
A meet the needs of consumers B suit all kinds of products
C enhance the market position of products D introduce new products
80. The author is critical mainly of___________.
A dishonest packaging B inferior packaging
C tbe changes in package size D exaggerated illustration on packages
11
Between about 1910 and 1930, new artistic movements in European art were making themselves felt in the United States. American artists became acquainted with the new art on their trips to Paris and at the exhibitions in the famous New York gallery “291”( named after its address on Fifth Avenue) of the photographer Alfred Stieglitz. But most important in the spread of the modern movements in the United States was the sensational Armory Show of the 1913 held in New York, in which the works of many of the leading European artists were seen along with the works of a number of progressive American painters.
Several of the American modernists who were influenced by the Armory Show found the urban landscape, especially New York, an appealing subject. Compared with the works of the realist painters, the works of American modernists were much further removed from the actual appearance of the city; they were more interested in the “feel “ of the city, more concerned with the meaning behind appearance. However, both the painters of the Ash Can School” and the later realists were still tied to nineteenth-century or earlier styles, while the early modernists shared in the international breakthroughs of the art of the twentieth century.
The greatest of these breakthroughs was Cubism, developed most fully in France between 1907 and 1914, which brought about a major revolution in Western painting. It overturned the regional tradition that had been built upon since the Renaissance. In cubism, natural forms were broken down analytically into geometric shapes. No longer was a clear differentiation made between the figure and the background of a painting: the objects represented and the surface on which they were painted became one. The Cubists abandoned the conventional single vantage point of the viewer, and objects depicted from multiple viewpoints were shown at the same way.
81.What’s the main topic of the passage?
A. Modern art movements in the United States.
B. The great influence of Cubism.
C. Several American modernists found urban landscape an appealing subject.
D. Contemporary artists in the United States.
82.Which of the following is not mentioned as a means through which American artists learned about new movements?
A. Trips to Paris.
B. Lectures by European artists.
C. The exhibitions in the famous New York gallery “291”.
D. The sensational Armory Show in 1913.
83.What was exhibited on the sensational Armory Show of 1913 in New York?
A. Works of many leading European artists as well as works of many progressive American painters.
B. Works of all the European artists and American painters.
C. Works of a number of American modernists and painters of the “Ash Can School”.
D. Works of European artists only.
84.According to the author, which of the following was a major new movement in twentieth-century art?
A. Impressionism. B. Cubism. C. The rational tradition. D. Realism.
85.What do we know about Cubism?
A. It made a clear differentiation between the figure and the background of a painting.
B. Natural forms were broken down analytically into shape of a square.
C. The object represented and the surface on which they were painted became one.
D. The Cubists preserved the conventional single vantage point of the viewer.
12
Without proper planning, tourism can cause problems. For example, too many tourists can crowd public places that are also enjoyed by the inhabitants of a country. If tourists create too much traffic, the inhabitants become annoyed and unhappy. They begin to dislike tourists and to treat them impolitely. They forget how much tourism can help the country’s economy. It is important to think about the people of a destination country and how tourism affects them. Tourism should help a country, keep the customs and beauty that attract tourists. Tourism should also advance the wealth and happiness of local inhabitants.
Too much tourism can be a problem. If tourism grows too quickly, people must leave other jobs to work in the tourism industry. This means that other parts of the country’s economy can suffer.
On the other hand, if there is not enough tourism, people can lose jobs. Businesses can also lose money. It costs a great deal of money to build large hotels, airports, air terminals, first- class roads, and other support facilities（配套设施）needed by tourist attractions. For example, a major international class tourism hotel can cost as much as 50 thousand dollars per room to build. If this room is not used most of the time, the owners of the hotel lose money.
Building a hotel is just a beginning. There must be many support facilities as well, including roads to get to the hotel, electricity, sewers to handle waste, and water. All of these support facilities cost money. If they are not used because there are not enough tourists , jobs and money are lost.
86．Which of the following do you think has been discussed in the part before this selection？
A. It is extremely important to develop tourism. B. Building roads and hotels is essential.
C. Support facilities are highly necessary. D. Planning is of great importance to tourism.
87．The underlined word“ inhabitants” （in Paragraph 1 ） probably means________.
A. tourists B. passengers C. population D. citizens
88．Too much tourism can cause all these problems EXCEPT ________ .
A. a bad effect on other industries B. a change of tourists’ customs
C. over - crowdedness of places of interest D. pressure on traffic
89．It can be inferred from the text that ________ .
A. the author doesn’t like tourism developing so fast
B. local people will benefit from tourist attraction
C. other parts of a country’s economy won’t benefit from tourism much
D. we can't build too many support facilities
90．The author thinks it is good for local people to know that tourism will ________ .
A. waste a lot of money B. weaken their economy C. help establish their customs D. help improve their life
13
The way people hold to the belief that a fun - filled, pain free life equals happiness actually reduces their chances of ever attaining real happiness. If fun and pleasure are equal to happiness then pain must be equal to unhappiness. But in fact, the opposite is true: more often than not things that lead to happiness involve some pain.
As a result, many people avoid the very attempts that are the source of true happiness. They fear the pain inevitably brought by such things as marriage, raising children, professional achievement, religious commitment （预担的义务）, self - improvement.
Ask a bachelor（单身汉） why he resists marriage even though he finds dating to be less and less satisfying. If he is honest he will tell you that he is afraid of making a commitment. For commitment is in fact quite painful. The single life is filled with fun, adventure, excitement. Marriage has such moments, but they are not its most distinguishing features.
Couples with infant children are lucky to get a whole night’s sleep or a three - day vacation. I don’t know any parent who would choose the word fun to describe raising children. But couples who decide not to have children never know the joys of watching a child grow up or of playing with a grandchilD.
Understanding and accepting that true happiness has nothing to do with fun is one of the most liberating realizations. It liberates time: now we can devote more hours to activities that can genuinely increase our happiness. It liberates money: buying that new car or those fancy clothes that will do nothing to increase our happiness now seems pointless. And it liberates us from envy: we now understand that all those who are always having so much fun actually may not be happy at all.
91．According to the author, a bachelor resists marriage chiefly because ________ .
A. he is reluctant to take on family responsiblilities
B. he believes that life will be more cheerful if he remains single
C. he finds more fun in dating than in marriage
D. he fears it will put an end to all his fun adventure and excitement
92．Raising children, in the author’s opinion is ________ .
A. a moral duty B. a thankless job C. a rewarding task D. a source of inevitable pain
93．From the last paragraph, we learn that envy sometimes stems from ________ .
A. hatred B. misunderstanding C. prejudice D. ignorance
94．To understand what true happiness is one must ________ .
A. have as much fun as possible during one’s lifetime B. make every effort to liberate oneself from pain
C. put up with pain under all circumstances D. be able to distinguish happiness from fun
95．What is the author trying to tell us?
A. Happiness often goes hand in hand with pain． B. One must know how to attain happiness.
C. It is important to make commitments. D. It is pain that leads to happiness.
14
Increasingly , over the past ten years, people ---especially young people --- have become aware of the need to change their eating habits, because much of the food they eat, particularly processed foods, is not good for the health. Consequently, there has been a growing interest in natural foods: foods which do not contain chemical additives and which have not been affected by chemical fertilizers widely used in farming today.
Natural foods, for example, are vegetables, fruit and grain which have been grown in soil that is rich in organic matter. In simple terms, this means that the soil has been nourished by unused vegetable matter, which provides it with essential vitamins and minerals. This in itself is a natural process compared with the use of chemicals and fertilizers, the main purpose of which is to increase the amount but not the quality of foods grown in commercial farming areas.
Natural foods also include animals which have been allowed to feed and move freely in healthy pastures. Compare this with what happens in the mass production of poultry: there are battery farms, for example, where thousands of chickens live crowded together in one building and are fed on food which is little better than rubbish. Chickens kept in this way are not only tasteless as food; they also produce eggs which lack important vitamins.
There are other aspects of healthy eating which are now receiving increasing attention from experts on diet. Take, for example, the question of sugar. This is actually a nonessential food! Although a natural alternative, such as honey, can be used to sweeten food it this necessary, we can in fact do without it. It is not that sugar is harmful in itself. But it does seem to be additive: the quantity we use has grown steadily over the last centuries and in Britain today each person consumes an average of 200 pounds a year! Yet all it does is provide us with energy, in the form of calories. There are no vitamins in it, no minerals and no fiber.
It is significant that nowadays fiber is considered to be an important part of a healthy diet. In white bread, for example, the fiber has been removeD. But it is present in unrefined flour and of course in vegetables. It is interesting to note that in countries where the national diet contains large quantities of unrefined flour and vegetables, certain diseases are comparatively rare. Hence the emphasis is placed on the eating of whole meal bread and more vegetables by modern experts on “healthy eating”.
96.Which statement best expresses the main idea of this article?
A. People should eat any food to keep themselves healthy and strong.
B. People should eat natural foods to keep themselves healthy and strong.
C. People should eat fiber foods to keep themselves healthy and strong.
D. People should eat vegetables to keep themselves healthy and strong.
97.“Particularly processed foods” means ___________.
A. foods which are particularly processed by adding chemical additives
B. foods which are particularly made by commercial farms
C. foods which are specially produced by commercial factories
D. foods which are not specially made by adding anything
98.Natural foods means _________.
A. foods good for health B. foods not good for health
C. foods such as vegetables, fruit and grain from rich organic matters soil
D. crops from rich organic matters soil and meats of animals from health pastures
99. There are no vitamins, no minerals and no fibers in _________.
A. natural foods B. sugar C. animal meats D. fruit
100. “Yet all it does is provide us with energy, in the form of calories” It means _____.
A. processed food provides us with energy
B. natural food furnishes us with vitamins and minerals
C. sugar gives us enough energy in the form of calories
D. fiber helps us to digest food
15
Disraeli was as sparkling a letter-writer as he was a novelist. His letters show that his capacity to observed was matched only by his ability to describe, and they are excited by his over-developed sense of self-dramatization as well as by his enduring sense of the greatness of his own destiny. He skims through these pages like some gorgeous bird of paradise, spreading his multi-colored feathers and never pausing long enough to become boring.
As early as 1830, when only 26, he is found advising Benjamin Austin to carefully conserve his letters for posterity. Fortunately Austin and others followed his advicA. As a result over 10,000 letters in his own hand have survived, quite apart from dictated letters and other notes and documents. Disraeli rarely kept a diary, and poured his thoughts, desires and reflections into his correspondencA.
What treasures there lie in store! We leave him 1837 with his longed-for election to Parliament, but ahead come into view the high peaks of his career with the twin mountains of his two premierships and his friendship with the Queen. Lord Esher maintained that the letters between Disraeli and Queen Victoria had largely been destroyed, but this was not so. A new, bright and searching light will eventually shine on that extraordinary political and romantic friendship.
101. This passage appears to be written by _______.
A a friend of Disraeli's B a contemporary of Disraeli's C a literary critic D an autobiographer
102. ...his capacity to observe was matched only by his ability to describA... means
A he was as accomplished an observer as he was a descriptive writer
B his capacity to observe and his ability to describe were unrivalled
C he was capable of adapting descriptions to fit his observations
D his observations and descriptions reflected his own personal ambitions
103. During his lifetime Disraeli pursued the career of _______.
A a correspondent B a politician C a novelist D a consultant
104. Even as a young man Disraeli realized that one day his letters would be _______.
A antiquated B well-connected C destroyed D widely-read
105. Disraeli's two premierships and his friendship with the Queen are described as being _______.
A obstacles to surmount B unsurmountable obstacles C pinnacles of success D impossible challenges
16
Today’s kids absorb lots of messages, values and attitudes from the media and from friends. Advertisements whet their appetite for many things they don’t need. What they do need is an understanding of the value of the dollar.
How do kids learn to be economically savvy (机智的) ? Most schools do not teach the financial facts of life; it’s up to parents to help kids grow into responsible and skillful money earners, savers and spenders.
To learn about money, kids first need to have some. Early on, parents often hand out money on an as-needed basis. But experts say paying a regular allowance is the best way to teach children the meaning of money, how to use it and how to plan. Some call it “learning capital”.
A child is ready for an allowance around age five or six, when he becomes aware of the relationship between money and shopping, can differentiate coins, can add and subtract, has spending opportunities and asks parents to buy him things.
How much allowance? Some experts recommend giving a dollar for each year of age, but Sharon Danes, a professor at the University of Minnesota disagrees: “I think $ 5 a week is too much for a five-year-old, and $15 is probably not enough for a 15-year-old.” What’s right for the child depends on three factors: the child’s level of development, what the parents can afford, and what the parents expect him to pay for.
Whatever the amount, kids will soon feel they need more. But Sharon Danes insists that children don’t need an automatic raise each year. “There’s no lesson to be learned when children expect an increase just because they’re a year older,” she says. “The reason for getting a greater part of the family-income pie is so they can learn more about balancing demands and resources.”
106. In Para. 1, “whet their appetite” most probably means ____________.
A) make them wish for more B) spoil their appetite C) sharpen their sensation D) stimulate their consuming power
107. What is the best way for children to learn to be economically savvy?
A) Parents don’t give them money until they really need it.
B) Children are taught the financial facts of life at school.
C) Parents regularly give them a certain amount of money.
D) Parents help children become skillful money earners.
108. At the age of five or six, children are capable of all the following EXCEPT _____.
A) identifying the face value of money B) solving simple arithmetic problems
C) knowing that with money they can get things from stores D) going shopping themselves
109. What is Professor Sharon Danes’ attitude toward the proposal of giving children a dollar for each year of age?
A) She believes this will surely encourage children to ask for more.
B) She doubts whether there is such thing as “right amount” for parents to give to their children.
C) She thinks it is unnecessary to increase the amount each year.
D) She insists that children can only get money when they study well.
110. Which of the following is closest in meaning to the last sentence of the passage?
A) The purpose of giving children money is to let them know more about how to use money and how to plan.
B) If they want to get more from the family income, they must have enough knowledge of family economy.
C) Children can get more money on the condition that they are able to balance demands and resources.
D) To give children more money is to make them understand the importance of balancing demands and resources.
17
Faces, like fingerprints, are unique. Did you ever wonder how it is possible for us to recognize people? Even a skilled writer probably could not describe all the features that make one face different from another. Yet a very young child-or even an animal, such as a pigeon-can learn to recognize faces, we all take this ability for granted.
We also tell people apart by how they behave. When we talk about someone’s personality, we mean the ways in which he or she acts, speaks, thinks and feels that make that individual different from other.
Like the human face, human personality is very complex. But describing someone’s personality in words is somewhat easier than describing his face. If you were asked to describe what a “nice face” looked like, you probably would have a difficult time doing so.
But if you were asked to describe a “nice person”, you might begin to think about someone who was kind, considerate, friendly, warm, and so forth.
There are many words to describe how a person thinks, feels and acts. Fordin Allport, an American psychologist, found nearly 18,000 English words charactering differences in people’s behavior. And many of us use this information as a basis for describing, or typing, his personality. Bookworms, conservatives, military types-people are described with such terms.
People have always tried to “type” each other. Actors in early Greek drama wore masks to show the audience whether they played the villains or the hero’s role. In fact, the words “person” and “personality” come from the Latin persona, meaning “mask”. Today most television and movie actors do not wear masks. But we easily tell the “good guys” from the “bad guys” because the two types differ in appearance as well as in actions.
111. By using the simile (直喻) of fingerprints, the author tells us that _____.
A) people differ from each other in facial features B) people have difficulty in describing the features of fingerprints
C) people have different personalities D) people can learn to recognize faces
112. According to this passage, some animals have the gift of _____.
A) typing each other B) telling people apart by how they behave
C) recognizing human faces D) telling good people from bad people
113. Who most probably knows best hw to describe people’s personality?
A) Psychologists. B) The modern TV audience. C) The ancient Greek audience D) The movie star.
114. According to the passage, it is possible for us to tell one type of person form another because _____.
A) human faces have complex features B) people differ in their behavioral and physical characteristics
C) human fingerprints provide unique information D) people’s behavior can be easily described in words
115. Which of the following is the major point of the passage?
A) How to get to know people. B) Why it is necessary to identify people’s personality.
C) Hoe best to recognize people. D) Why it is possible to describe people.
18
By the Treaty of Paris of 1763, which ended the war with the French and the Indians, England gained possession of Canada and all the territory east of the Mississippi River. French influence on this continent thus came to an end; England now controlled most of North America. But the war had been long and expensive. England had many debts. George III, king of England, after consulting with his advisers, decided that the American colonists（殖民者）should help pay some of the expenses of this war. A standing English army of 10,000 men had been left in the colonies（殖民地）for protection against the Indians. The English government also felt that the colonists should share in the expenses of maintaining this army. The result was a series of measures, the Grenville Program, passed by Parliament and designed to raise money in the colonies. Some of these measures were accepted by the colonists, but one in particular, the Stamp Act, was met with great protest. The Stamp Act required that stamps, ranging in price from a few cents to almost a dollar, be placed on all newspapers, advertisements, bills of sale, wills, legal papers, etc. The Stamp Act was one of the causes of the American Revolution. It affected everyone, rich and poor alike. Some businessmen felt that the act would surely ruin their businesses.
Of all the voices raised in protest to the Stamp Act, none had greater effect than that of a young lawyer from Virginia - Patrick Henry. Henry had only recently been elected to the Virginia Assembly. Yet when the Stamp Act came up for discussion, he opposed it almost single-handedly. He also expressed, for the first time, certain ideas that were held by many Americans of the time but that never before had been stated so openly. "Is life so dear or peace so sweet, as to be bought at the price of chains and slavery? Forbid it, Almighty（万能）God! I know not what course others may take, but as for me, give me liberty, or give me death!"
116.From the text we learn that ___________________.
A) Britain took over Canada from the Indians in 1763
B) there had been a war between the French and the Indians which ended in 1763
C) France used to have control of Canada and some areas east of the Mississippi River
D) the French still kept some influence in North America through the Treaty of Paris
117.The Grenville Program refers to ___________________.
A) King George III's plan to gather money in North America
B) the British government's desire to raise money in North America
C) a plan to share the expenses of maintaining an army in the American colonies
D) a decision of the British Parliament to collect money in the American colonies
118.The Stamp Act ___________________.
A) was an act about selling stamps at prices from a few cents to almost a dollar
B) required that all commercial and legal documents in America have stamps on them
C) was the main cause of the American Revolution
D) chiefly affected business people who felt it would ruin their businesses
119.From the text we learn that Patrick Henry ___________________.
A) had been a member of the Virginia Assembly for a long time
B) didn't know what courses to take to complete his studies as a lawyer
C) was almost the only one who openly protested against the Stamp Act
D) didn't value life or peace as much as other people did
120.This passage is mainly about ___________________.
A) one of the events leading to the American Revolution B) the Treaty of Paris between Britain and France
C) the Grenville Program to raise money in the American colonies D) Patrick Henry, a hero who opposed the Stamp Act
19
In the old days, children were familiar with birth and death as part of life. This is perhaps the first generation of American youngsters who have never been close by during the birth of a baby and have never experienced the death of a family member.
Nowadays when people grow old, we often send them to nursing homes. When they get sick, we transfer them to a hospital, where children are forbidden to visit terminally ill patients ---even when those patients are their parents. This deprives the dying patient of significant family members during the last few days of his life and it deprives the children of an experience of death, which is an important learning experience.
Some of my colleagues and I once interviewed and followed approximately 500 terminally ill patients in order to find out what they could teach us and how we could be of more benefit, not just to them but to the members of their families as well. We were most impressed by the fact that even those patients who were not told of their serious illness were quite aware of its potential outcome.
It is important for family members, and doctors and nurses to understand these patients’ communications in order to truly understand their needs, fears, and fantasies. Most of our patients welcomed another human being with whom they could talk openly, honestly, and frankly about their trouble. Many of them shared with us their tremendous need to be informed, to be kept up-to-date on their medical condition and to be told when the end was near. We found out that patients who had been dealt with openly and frankly were better able to cope with the approach of death and finally to reach a true stage of acceptance prior to death.
121.The elders of contemporary Americans ________.
A. were often absent when a family member was born or dying
B. were quite unfamiliar with birth and death
C. usually witnessed the birth or death of a family member
D. had often experienced the fear of death as part of life
122. Children in America today are denied the chance ________.
A. to learn how to face death B to visit dying patients
C to attend to patients D to have access to a hospital
123. Five hundred critically ill patients were investigated with the main purpose of _______.
A. observing how they reacted to the crisis of death
B. helping them and their families overcome the fear of death
C. finding out their attitude towards the approach of death
D. learning how to best help them and their families
124. The need of a dying patient for company shows ________.
A. his desire for communication with other people
B. his fear of approaching death
C. his pessimistic attitude towards his condition
D. his reluctance to part with his family
125. It may be concluded from the passage that ________.
A. dying patients are afraid of being told of the approach of death
B. most doctors and nurses understand what dying patients need
C. dying patients should be truthfully informed of their condition
D. most patients are unable to accept death until it is obviously inevitable.
20
“You must be mad” was the general comment of family, friends and colleagues. “Giving up a teaching post now, when there isn’t much chance of finding another one, ever!”
“And what about all that lovely money you’re earning, and all those long holidays!”
But I had already come to my lonely decision, after months of concealed suffering. The devil of unemployment should be enough to make those of us fortunate enough to have a job pulling up the drawbridge (吊桥) behind us, and yet here was I, prepared to join the noisy army on the opposite bank.
But I knew I could no longer continue in the teaching profession. To wake up in the morning with a fear of the day ahead, to force a hasty breakfast down an unwilling throat and then set off for work with pounding heart and frozen face had become habitual, and I had turned to tranquilizers (镇定剂) to help me along.
It had not always been as bad as this. Ten years before I had managed well enough, and the holidays used to come round just in time.
But I, in common with most other teachers, am enormously self-critical, and I knew now that I was no longer “managing”. My classes were noisy, the children were not learning very much, and my’ attempts to cope with changing teaching methods produced very little effect. At one time my very presence in the doorway would be enough to ensure a partial silence. Now they give a vague “Hello, Miss”, and carry on. I had run out of enjoyment and enthusiasm. It was time to stop.
But was it all my own failure? In fairness to myself, I don’t think it was. I had plenty of ideas, I loved my subject, and, by and large, I liked children.
I had been idealistic. But the reality I faced was bored children, over-stimulated by video-watching the night before and tired out by a late bedtime. They were children who were given the wrong food at the wrong time, who came breakfast-less to school and then stuffed themselves with gum, chocolates and sweets bought on the way; who were “high” with hunger in the lesson before lunchtime and giggled (咯咯地笑) restlessly as the cooking smell from the school kitchen came drifting to all floors.
I have been trying to create the basic conditions in which teaching becomes possible, but I have failed, and no longer have the stomach for the job. And that is why I’m giving up.
126. What does “the noisy army” (Para. 3) refer to?
A) a military force B) a labour union C) the unemployed D) demonstrators
127. The writer decided to quit her job chiefly because ____________.
A) the teaching profession is too much for her
B) she was too hard on herself and therefore unhappy with her teaching effect
C) the class had become impossible to teach
D) she didn’t like new teaching methods
128. Which of the following statement is closest in meaning to “At one time my very presence in the doorway would be enough to ensure a partial silence.” (Para6)?
A) Formerly, my arrival at the classroom would very well make at least some of the students stop talking or playing.
B) For a while, when I appeared in the doorway, the class would quite down.
C) Every time I made my appearance in the doorway, the students would become silent.
D) Once in the past, I could silence half of the class simply by standing in the doorway!
129. All of the following are reasons that children couldn’t concentrate in class EXCEPT ________.
A) they were tired because they went to bed too late
B) they were fed up with their lessons and school work
C) they were not properly fed by their parents
D) they were overexcited by too much video-watching the night before
130. Which of the following about the writer is true?
A) Being too young, the writer found it difficult to grow affectionate for children.
B) As she set off for work, she felt nervous at the prospect of teaching.
C) It was very difficult for her to give up teaching.
D) Although she was responsible, she never truly enjoyed teaching.
21
Is it possible to persuade mankind to live without war? War is an ancient institution which has existed for at least six thousand years. It was always wicked and usually foolish, but in the past the human race managed to live with it. Modern ingenuity has changed this. Either Man will abolish war, or war will abolish man. For the present, it is nuclear weapons that cause the gravest danger, but bacteriological or chemical weapons may, before long, offer an even greater threat. If we succeed in abolishing nuclear weapons, our work will not be done. It will never be done until we have succeeded in abolishing war. To do this, we need to persuade mankind to look upon international questions in a new way, not as contests of force, in which the victory goes to the side which is most skillful in massacre, but by arbitration in accordance with agreed principles of law. It is not easy to change age-old mental habits, but this is what must be attempteD.
There are those who say that the adoption of this or that ideology would prevent war. I believe this to be a profound error. All ideologies are based upon dogmatic assertions which are, at best, doubtful and at worst, totally false. Their adherents believe in them so fanatically that they are willing to go to war in support of them.
The movement of world opinion during the past two years had been very largely such as we can welcome. It has become a commonplace that nuclear wars must be avoideD. Of course very difficult problems remain in the international sphere, but the spirit in which they are being approached is a better one than it was some years ago. It has begun to be thought, even by the powerful men who decide whether we shall live or die, that negotiations should reach agreements even if both sides do not find these agreements wholly satisfactory. It has begun to be understood that the important conflict nowadays is not between East and West, but between Man and the H-bomB.
131. According to the author___________.
A it is impossible to live without war at present
B war is the only way to settle international disagreements
C our way of thinking must change if we want to survive
D war will be abolished by modern ingenuity
132. By saying "Modern ingenuity has changed this" (ParA. 1 ), the author really means that creativity of modem men___________.
A will help abolish war B have put mankind in grave danger
C have made war less wicked and foolish D have persuaded mankind to live without war
133. The word "adherents" (ParA. 2) here means___________.
A skeptic B supporter C initiator D opposition faction
134. The author believes that the only way to abolish war is to
Aabolish nuclear and chemical weapons Blet the stronger side take over the world
Cimprove bacteriological and chemical weapons Dsettle international issue through arbitration
135. The last paragraph suggests that___________.
A nuclear war will definitely not take place
B international agreements are now reached more and more easily
Cman is beginning to realize that war is his greatest enemy
Dworld opinion is in favour of nuclear war being replaced
22
China's environmental protection industry can look forward m unprecedented development and its profits are expected to rise. Experts say positive factors such as China's entry into the World Trade Organization (WTO) and Beijing's successful bid for the 2008 Olympic Games have now injected vitality into the development of China's environmental protection industry. The Beijing 2008 Olympic Games has spurred the government and the general public to look at environmental protection and created a great market potential for environmental protection businesses.
Since China's entry into the WTO, the country is giving priority to opening up environment-related services and the market in order to finance environmental protection. Taking this as a challenge, China is learning from the experience of developed countries, and working out policies to encourage the flow of overseas capital into the environmental protection sector, the experts say. The "green barriers" set by different trading members of the WTO are helping Chinese exporting companies to put importance on authentication and environmental safety control, as well as in administration. China has pumped more investments into the environmental protection industry in a bid to promote the growth of the potential market.
In the meantime, the state will also work out favorable policies for the extension of subsidies and discount loans to major enterprises to carry out environmental projects and projects to improve and demonstrate the use of technology in the fielD.
136. The 2008 Olympic Games will bring about____________.
A a bad result on the environmental protection industry
B an encouragement in the environmental protection insustry
C profits in the environmental protection industry
D undecided outcome on the environmental protection industry
137. What is NOT true of the following statements?
A China's entry into the WTO is a positive factor.
B The 2008 Olympic Games is a positive factor.
C Environmental protection industry has created a great market.
D Unprecedented development in environmental protection industry will happen.
138. To finance environmental protection, what is China doing?
A Giving a priority to environment-related services.
B Opening up the market.
C Entry into the WTO.
D Opening up services and the market in environment aspect.
139. To promote the growth of the potential market China has___________.
A put importance on authentication and environmental safety control
B withdrawn investments in the environmental protection industry
C tried to get help from WTO
D enlarged investments into the environmental protection industry
140. Which is not the policy of China towards the environmental protection industry?
A Giving a priority to it. B Working out policies to encourage it.
C Working out discount loans to some enterprises. D Carrying out environmental projects.
23
W. China's environmental protection industry can look forward m unprecedented development and its profits are expected to rise. Experts say positive factors such as China's entry into the World Trade Organization (WTO) and Beijing's successful bid for the 2008 Olympic Games have now injected vitality into the development of China's environmental protection industry. The Beijing 2008 Olympic Games has spurred the government and the general public to look at environmental protection and created a great market potential for environmental protection businesses.
Since China's entry into the WTO, the country is giving priority to opening up environment-related services and the market in order to finance environmental protection. Taking this as a challenge, China is learning from the experience of developed countries, and working out policies to encourage the flow of overseas capital into the environmental protection sector, the experts say. The "green barriers" set by different trading members of the WTO are helping Chinese exporting companies to put importance on authentication and environmental safety control, as well as in administration. China has pumped more investments into the environmental protection industry in a bid to promote the growth of the potential market.
In the meantime, the state will also work out favorable policies for the extension of subsidies and discount loans to major enterprises to carry out environmental projects and projects to improve and demonstrate the use of technology in the fielD.
141. The 2008 Olympic Games will bring about____________.
A a bad result on the environmental protection industry
B an encouragement in the environmental protection insustry
C profits in the environmental protection industry
D undecided outcome on the environmental protection industry
142. What is NOT true of the following statements?
A China's entry into the WTO is a positive factor.
B The 2008 Olympic Games is a positive factor.
C Environmental protection industry has created a great market.
D Unprecedented development in environmental protection industry will happen.
143. To finance environmental protection, what is China doing?
A Giving a priority to environment-related services.
B Opening up the market.
C Entry into the WTO.
D Opening up services and the market in environment aspect.
144. To promote the growth of the potential market China has___________.
A put importance on authentication and environmental safety control
B withdrawn investments in the environmental protection industry
C tried to get help from WTO
D enlarged investments into the environmental protection industry
145. Which is not the policy of China towards the environmental protection industry?
A Giving a priority to it. B Working out policies to encourage it.
C Working out discount loans to some enterprises. D Carrying out environmental projects.
24
The “standard of living” of any country means the average person’s share of the goods and services which the country produces. A country’s standard of living, therefore, depends first and foremost on its capacity to produce wealth. “Wealth” in this sense is not money, for we do not live on money but on things that money can buy: “goods” such as food and clothing, and “services” such as transport and entertainment.
A country’s capacity to produce wealth depends upon many factors, most of which have an effect on one another. Wealth depends to a great extend upon a country’s natural resources, such as coal, gold, and other minerals, water supply and so on. Some regions of the world are well supplied with coal and minerals, and have a fertile soil and a favorable climate; other regions possess perhaps only one of these things, and some regions possess none of them. The U.S.A. is one of the wealthiest regions of the world because she has vast natural resources within her borders, her soil is fertile, and her climate is varieD. The Sahara Desert, on the other hand, is one of the least wealthy.
Next to natural resources comes the ability to turn them to use. China is perhaps as well off as U.S.A. in natural resources, but suffered for many years from civil and external wars, and for this and other reasons was unable to develop her resources. Sound and stable political conditions, and freedom from foreign invasion, enable a country to develop its natural resources peacefully and steadily, and to produce more wealth than another country equally well served by nature but less well ordereD. Another important factor is the technical efficiency of a country’s people. Old countries that have, through many centuries, trained up numerous skilled craftsmen ad technicians are better placed to produce wealth than countries whose workers are largely unskilleD. Wealth also produces wealth. As a country becomes wealthier, its people have a large margin for saving, and can put their savings into factories and machines which will help workers to turn out more goods in their workings day.
146.A country’s wealth depends on __________.
A. its money B. its standard of living
C. its ability to provide transport and entertainment D. its ability to provide goods and services
147.The word “civil” in the second sentence of the second paragraph probably means ____.
A. short and frequent B. long-lasting C. between one part of a country and another D. for the most part
148.The main idea of the second paragraph is that __________.
A. the Sahara Desert is a very poor region B. a country’s wealth depends on many factors
C. natural resources are an important factor in the wealth or poverty of a country
D. the U.S.A. is one of the wealthiest countries in the world
149.The second sentence in paragraph 3 is ____________.
A. not related to the paragraph B. the main idea of the paragraph
C. the conclusion of the paragraph D. an example supporting the main idea of the paragraph
150.How many advantages are mentioned in the third paragraph?
A. Two B. Three C. Four D. Five
25
Animals other than humans have not developed communications comparable to human language. But is it possible that other animals have the capacity to learn a language if they are adequately taught? Obviously, this is a fascination notion. The idea of communicating directly with another species has long been a part of human folklore and children’s fantasies. But on a scientific level, the question of whether animals can learn a language is important primarily because it relates to the controversy()between the cognitive and the learning approaches to language. If language is dependent on and is actually an outgrowth of the intellectual structure of the human mind, there is the strong supposition that only humans are capable of using language. Therefore, Noam Chomsky and other psycholinguists have argued that only humans can learn a language, while most behaviorists feel that with sufficient patience it should be possible to teach an animal some sort of language. Although the two schools of thought clearly differ on this point, it is not really a crucial test of the two theories. If a chimpanzee can master a simple language all it would mean is that the chimp’s intellectual capacity and brain structure are more similar to ours than we thought. It would not necessarily imply that our intellectual structure is unimportant in our own mastery of language. Thus, teaching an animal language is an impressive demonstration of the power of learning techniques, but it is not evidence that language is developed entirely through learning.
On the other hand, the question of whether other animals can learn a language is fascination in its own right, aside from its value as a test of the two theories of language development. Accordingly, whatever one’s position on the theoretical dispute, we must consider training an animal to use language a dramatic accomplishment.
151.Which of the following statements is the view of psycholinguists?
A. The cognitive view of language learning says that only human beings can learn language because it is an outgrowth of the structure of the human minD.
B. Other animals simply could master a language.
C. The animals intellectual capacity is much better than human beings.
D. Language is developed by learning.
152.The behaviorists’ view is that __________.
A. language is actually an outgrowth of intellectual structure of the animal’s mind
B. animals have not developed communications system
C. given enough patience, a man should be able to teach an animal some sort of language
D. only human beings can learn language
153.That an animal can master a simple language means that __________.
A. human’s intellectual structure is not important
B. animals’ intellectual capacity and brain structure are more similar to the humans’
C. the learning techniques are much more important
D. language is developed completely by learning
154.The main idea of paragraph two is ___________.
A. teaching a chimp language is not crucial test of the two theories
B. their brain structure is not similar to human
C. using various methods to let the chimp master a language
D. training a nonhuman to use language is an amazing accomplishment
155.The best title for this passage would be _________.
A. Animals’ language B Human’s language
C Teaching Animals’ Language D Can Other Animals Acquire Language?
26
For more than two days in September 1974, the people of Honduras shut their windows, locked their doors and stayed in their homes. Fifi was outside, and they were frighteneD.
8,000 people had been dead when Fifi left. Fifi wasn’t a pet dog as the name suggests. It was a hurricane, one of the most destructive natural phenomena（现象）in the worlD.
Why do we give human names to wind and rain and cloud? We didn’t always. Two hundred years ago, many hurricanes in the Caribbean were named after the saint’s day（圣徒逝世忌日）on which the storm occurreD. Later, storms were known by the name of the city where they came ashore. Experts then tried naming storms after the latitude（纬度）and longitude where they occurreD. Finally, in 1953, hurricanes started getting people’s names-specifically, female names. Male names were added in 1979.
There are six sets of names for what the experts call “Atlantic tropical cyclones （热带气旋）”. Each list is used every six years and consists of 21 names, starting with every letter but Q,U, X,Y and Z. Male names and female names are used in turn. A storm won’t get a name until its winds reach 39mph or about 62. 4kph, at which point it becomes a tropical storm. At 74mph or 118.4kph it’s declared a hurricane.
The names on the list are used only for storms that form off the Atlantic coast of the US. There are separate lists for the PacifiC. So what happens if a hurricane should cross from the Atlantic to the Pacific? It’s happened before. The storm just gets a new name and sometimes a new sex. Max Mayfield is the director of the National Hurricane Centre, in Miami, FloridA. He’s in charge of picking new names for storms off the Atlantic coast. He and the experts in two dozen other countries in the Caribbean, North America vote on what names will replace retired names. In 2007, for example, Andrea, and Melissa will take the place of Allison, and Michelle. “If we have a hurricane that causes a large loss of life or damage, a country will request that name be retired, he saiD. Sometimes, people write in to suggest names for hurricanes. Mayfield said they got a letter from a man in Florida, who wanted them to name a hurricane after his first wife. He said it had to be a hurricane that caused terrible damage .The world would know what he had experienced living with the woman for 18 years.
156. Which of the following is most likely to be the name of a hurricane or a storm before 1979?
A. Arthur B. Peter C. Shirley D. Honduras
157. We may learn from the text that .
A. all storms don’t get their names B. in 2007, the experts will make new name lists
C. only Mayfield decides which name to choose D. experts use names mostly suggested by people
158. How long can the six sets of names be used?
A. 126 years. B. 6 years C. 21 years D. 36 years
159. The man in Florida suggested naming a hurricane after his first wife because he wanted to .
A. express his deep love for her B. show his sadness after losing her
C. make her known by the people in Florida D. tell people how unhappily he was living with her
27
In 1960 Khrushchev headed a group to visit Indonesia and was warmly treated by his hosts. Once in Jakarta the hosts treated the guests to a special fruit, the durian. President Sukarno picked one, took a bite and handed it to Khrushchev. Just then, Khrushchev noticed that all the Indonesians present were staring at him, whispering. Obviously something funny was going to happen. Puzzled, he took over the fruit and immediately a very terrible smell attacked his nose, which nearly made him sick. Being a good guest, he braced himself up and took a small bite with great care. To his surprise, he found the fruit to be uncommonly delicious. He was so impressed by this strange fruit that he decided to let his colleagues (同事) in Moscow have a taste of it too. So he sent by air one share for each member of the Presidium. The plane was to pass New Dehli and Kabul and Khrushchev didn’t forget his friends in India and Afghanistan. He gave orders that Prime Minister Nehru and the king of Afghanistan should each have a package.
When Khrushchev returned to Moscow, his colleagues all thanked him for his kind gifts, but at the same time they pointed out that either because the plane must have been delayed on the way or because of some other reasons, all the fruit had gone baD. They had to throw them away because they gave out an awful smell. Later Khrushchev received similar messages of thanks from his friends in India and Afghanistan, only the messages were more skillfully wordeD.
160. What did Khrushchev notice when Sukarno presented a durian to him?
A. The fruit had a terrible smell. B. He became the centre of the people’s attention.
C. He was made fun of by the Indonesians. D. There was something wrong with his nose.
161. Which of the following can describe the special fruit?
A. Ugly-looking but extremely tasty. B. Unpleasant to nose but delicious to mouth.
C. Uncommonly delicious and sweet. D. Not only delicious but also good-looking.
162. Why did Khrushchev decide to send durians to his colleagues?
A. He wanted to make fun of them. B. To show his kindness and consideration.
C. To see whether his colleagues would like the taste of them.
D. He was impressed by the fruit, so he wanted his colleagues to taste it too.
163. What can we infer from the passage?
A. The fruit durian is uncommonly delicious but easy to go baD.
B. All delicious fruits can be accepted at once by various people.
C. His colleagues and friends didn’t know the taste of the fruit.
D. One man’s meat is another man’s poison.
三、完形填空
1
Family time is one of the most important times in a child’s life．My family and I 1 a lot of time together，including every 2 ．Even when my father is 3 on business，my mother，my sister，and I sit down at the table to eat and 4 our day．We don’t watch television but have
5 together．As a teenager， 6 with my parents is not the most fun thing I do but I feel it is necessary．I learn from them 7 we talk, whether it is about my dad’s job or my mother’s day.
I did a little research on the “family table” 8 ．Statistics show that only 50% of 9 sit down to dinner together each night．That’s a 0 ，because researchers 11 that kids who have these regular family dinners have 12 behavior，grades，and a larger vocabulary．They are also less 13 to smoke，drink，do drugs，or have eating disorders Time with their parents makes kids more 14 and gives them a sense of 15 and safety．Plus，they learn better manners．
Now with many single-parent families or homes 16 both parents work，making time together has become harder．There have been many recent studies showing kids are“ 17 ”than they used to be．I think it’s primarily parents’ 18 ．Only good things 19 taking 15 minutes away from television and five minutes from video games to have this time with your family．By spending 20 minutes with 20 ，I believe this idea of “wild kids” would decrease greatly．
1．A．spend B．pass C．take D．cost
2．A．morning B．dinner C．weekend D．party
3．A．away B．lonely C．back D．alone
4．A．welcome B memorize C．discuss D．remember
5．A．snacks B．meal C．sports D．fun
6．A．putting up B．getting up C．keeping up D．hanging out
7．A．every time B．before C．some time D．since
8．A．plan B．manner C．idea D．project
9．A．parents B．sisters C．brothers D．families
10．A．wonder B．shame C．miracle D．worry
11．A．suppose B．claim C．assume D doubt
12．A．higher B．worse C．lower D．better
13．A．unlikely B．probably C．likely D．impossibly
14．A．stubborn B．nervous C．silent D．stable
15．A．belonging B．anxiety C．honor D．achievement
16．A．whose B．where C．that D．which
17．A．smarter B．quicker C．wilder D．slower
18．A．duty B．fault C．power D．burden
19．A．come out B．contribute to C．come from D．result in
20．A．the other B．another one C．the rest D．each other
2
1. A good way to see the USA is by car. Americans love their automobiles and in the past fifty years they have developed a vast ___1___ of roads and freeways to help them reach their __2__.
As few visitors have their own cars , __3__ one is the best thing. You will need a __4__ driver’s license (it is best to have an international driver’s license) and __5__ international credit (Diners , American Express) , or a deposit.
You should start out with a working knowledge of the roaD. Regulations __6___from state to state and this can be very ___7__ to a new corner. For example, in some states it is legal to turn right at a red light __8__ there is no approaching traffic, 9__ in other states you will be __10__for this action. __11__ the country it is forbidden to pass a school bus when it has stopped to __12__ children.
The size of the country may startle you at first and you may be surprised at the __13__ physical beauty. When the first pioneers began to __14__ west into the wildness, the natural resources of the land seemed __15__ . Nearly 1,000 million acres of land was covered by virgin forest . Much of this was burnt off for farmland and it soon became apparent that the government would have to take action __16_ the natural beauty of the land would be lost forever. __17__ the administration of Theodore Roosevelt in the early 1900s, large tracts of land were set up as National Parks and National Forests. These areas have __18__ unchanged, set aside __19__ people can enjoy vast regions of wild beauty. Throughout the country, animal and plant life is not protected by law. Americans are learning to be __20__.
1. A. net B. network C. web D. system
2. A. targets B. places C. destinations D. aims
3. A. buying B. borrowing C. renting D. taking
4. A. formal B. valid C. new D. valuable
5. A. either B. neither C. both D. or
6. A. change B. vary C. alter D. convert
7. A. surprising B. complicating C. confusing D. amazing
8. A. when B. if C. unless D. until
9. A. while B. if C. though D. as long as
10. A. paid B. fined C. punished D. arrested
11. A. Though B. Throughout C. Across D. In
12. A. get off B. get on C. let off D. let down
13. A. luxurious B. tremendous C. vigorous D. spectacular
14. A. lengthen B. expend C. expand D. enlarge
15. A. inestimable B. inevitable C. inexhaustible D. inextinguishable
16. A. if B. that C. or D. for
17. A. By B. In C. With D. Under
18. A. gotten B. become C. been D. remained
19. A. see that B. provided that C. if only that D. so that
20. A. conservationists B. democrats C. radicals D. volunteers
3
The pleasure of learning is not confined __1__ learning from textbooks, which are too often tedious. But it does include learning from books. Sometimes, when we stand in a big library and gaze __2__ us at the millions of books, we feel a sober, earnest delight hard to __3__ except by a metaphor. These are not lumps of lifeless paper, but minds _4__ in the shelves, so by opening one of these volumes, one can call into range a voice far distant in time and __5__, and hear it speaking, mind to mind, heart to heart.
But, __6__ beyond books, learning means keeping the mind __7__ and active to receive all kinds of experiencA. For instance, among the pleasure of learning, we should include travel, travel with an open mind, an alert eye and a wish to understand other peoples, other places, __8__ than looking in them for a mirror _9__ of oneselB.
Learning also means learning to practise, or at least to appreciate an art. Every new art you learn appears like a new window __10__ the universe; it is like __11__ a new sensA.
Learning __12__ our lives into new dimensions. It is cumulative(). __13__ in diminishing time, like health and strength, its returns go on __14__. __15__ that you aim, throughout your life, as you continue __16__, to integrate your thought, to make it harmonious.
No learners has ever ___17__ short of subjects to explorA. The pleasures of learning are __18¬¬__pleasures. In fact, the word should be changeD. The true name is happiness. You can live longest and best and most __19__b y attaining and __20_ the happiness of learning.
1. A. to B. of C. in D. at
2. A. about B. toward C. round D. within
3. A. survey B. convey C. contribute D. translate
4. A. living B. lively C. alive D. live
5. A. space B. room C. place D. universe
6. A. so B. too C. much D. far
7. A. opening B. openly C. open D. opened
8. A. different B. other C. rather D. superior
9. A. copy B. image C. statue D. view
10. A. in B. to C. on D. into
11. A. acquiring B. inquiring C. admiring D. analysing
12. A. expends B. expands C. extends D. explores
13. A. Instead B. Instead of C. Rather than D. On the other hand of
14. A. to increase B. to decrease C. increasing D. decreasing
15. A. If B. If only C. Provided D. So
16. A. learning B. having learnt C. to be learning D. to have learnt
17. A. take B. go C. run D. reach
18. A. genuine B. true C. real D. indeed
19. A. rewarding B. rewardingly C. reward D. rewarded
20. A. considering B. observing C. deserving D. preserving
4
A motorist of 96 was fined $ 7 yesterday for speeding --- his first __1__ in 70 years motoring.
His license was endorsed but he was not ordered to take a driving test and his age was not mentioned in court.
Mr. D, a widower, was caught by a radar trap _2__ 41 m.p.h. in a 30 m.p.h. area, __3__ traveling near his home in Folkestone, last November.
He refused to give his __4__ to police when stopped, but later wrote a letter to a newspaper, __5__ about the radar trap . He said he was 96, and __6__ to "do a ton"(U.S. slang: to drive at 100 m.p.h.) around Brand's Hatch, on his 100th birthday.
Mr. D , a(n) __7__ docks executive, did not appear in court yesterday. He admitted the offense __8__ letter.
__9__ the case the chairman of magistrates, Commander Richard Bristow, said: "I do not wish to __10__ on whether or not I knew of the defendant's advanced years. No __11__ was given about his age and we did not feel __12__ to inquire about it."
Police Constable William Holton, one of the men operating the radar trap, said __13__: "He certainly didn't look somewhat near 96. I thought he was in his middle sixties."
Mr. D said: "Oh, I'm 96 indeed, but I'm in good shapA. I'd have been a bit upset __14_they'd disqualified me, but I've no doubt that I could __15__ any text they might have asked me to takA."
"I first drove in 1902--- a motorbikA. More than 70 years of trouble-free motoring is not a __16__ record and I've got no reason to stop __17__ that I'm one of the safest drivers on the roaD. Mind you. I'm still __18__ annoyed about being caught. On that particular __19__of road, 30 m.p.h. is absurD. I take ragular medical check-ups and my heart and lungs are __20__class. I do need glasses and my hearing could be better, but I've always been fit to drivA."
1. A. error B. offense C. mistake D. loss
2 A. running B. driving C. managing D. doing
3 A. if B. during C. while D. whenever
4 A. age B. address C. license D. motorbike
5 A. protesting B. complaining C. worrying D. objecting
6 A. hoped B. thought C. demanded D. requested
7 A. aged B. old C. retired D. experienced
8 A. in B. by C. with D. into
9 A. On B. In C. After D. Before
10A. comment B. depend C. discuss D. say
11A. wit B. evidence C. guarantee D. guilt
12A. sorry B. compelled C. worried D. appreciated
13 A. previously B. backward C. afterwhile D. afterwards
14A. for B. even if C. as D. i f
15 A. take B. pass C. succeed D. fall
16 A. good B. bad C. better D. worse
17 A. thinking B. to think C. receiving D. denying
18 A. much B. a bit C. little D. a few
19 A. stretch B. reach C. string D. succession
20A. top B. latest C. first D. advanced
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发表于 2015-5-18 15:38:42
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