大学英语（统考）在线练习题13(客观题)答案

奥鹏作业答案

大学英语（统考）在线练习题13(客观题)
试卷总分：100       测试时间：--
阅读理解 单选题 完型填空  


一、阅读理解（共 4 道试题，共 40 分。）V 1.  Albert Einstein had a great effect on science and history, greater than what only a few other men have achieved. An American university president once commented that Einstein had created a new outlook, a new view of the universe. It may be some time before the average mind understands fully the identity of time and space and so on---but even ordinary men understand now that the universe is something larger than ever before.
By 1994 the young Einstein had gained world fame. He accepted the offer to become a professor at the Prussian Academy of Science in Berlin. He had few duties, little teaching and unlimited opportunities for study, but soon his peace and quiet were broken by the First World War. Einstein hated violence. The misery of war affected him deeply, and he sat unhappily in his office doing little. He lost interest in his research. Only when peace came in 1918 was he able to get back to work.
In the years following World War I honors were increasingly heaped on him. He became the head of the Kaiser Whihem Institute of Theoretical Physics. In 1921he won the Nobel Prize, and he was honored in Germany until the rise of Nazism when he was driven from Germany because he was a Jew.

1). The main idea of Paragraph 1 is ______.
A. the time when people know Einstein
B. the feeling of an American college president
C. the change in human thought produced by Einstein
D. the difficulty facing teachers in understanding Einstein’s thought
      满分：2  分
2). According to the American university president, ______.
A. everyone understands Einstein’s theory today
B. Einstein achieved more than any other scientists in history
C. the theory of relativity can be quickly learned by everyone
D. our ideas about the universe are different today because of Einstein
      满分：2  分
3). According to Paragraph 2, Albert Einstein _______ .
A. was a famous chemist
B. headed a research institute
C. was famous in the world
D. enjoyed reading about war
      满分：2  分
4). According to the passage, Einstein did his greatest work _______ .
A. during World War I
B. when he was young
C. when Nazism rose
D. between 1906 and 1915
      满分：2  分
5). It may be concluded that ______.
A.  Albert Einstein was forced to serve in the German army
B. Albert Einstein had no other interests besides science
C. Germans usually have a high respect for science
D. his reputation was ruined because of his work during World War I
      满分：2  分
2.      Brazil has become one of the developing world’s greatest successes at reducing population growth-but more by accident than design. While countries such as India have made joint efforts to reduce birth rates, Brazil has had better result without really trying, says George Martine at Harvard.
    Brazil’s population growth rate has dropped from 2.99% a year between 1951 and 1960 to 1.93% a year between 1981 and 1990, and Brazilian women now have only 2.7 children on average. Martine says this figure may have fallen still further since 1990, an achievement that makes it the envy of many other Third World countries.
    Martine puts it down to, among other things, soap operas（通俗电视连续剧）and installment（分期付款）plans introduced in the 1970s. Both played an important, although indirect, role in lowering the birth rate. Brazil is one of the world’s biggest producers of soap operas. Globo, Brazil’s most popular television network, shows three hours of soaps six nights a week, while three others show at least one hour a night. Most soaps are based on wealthy characters living the high life in big cities.
“Although they have never really tried to work in a message towards the problems of reproduction, they describe middle and upper class values-not many children, different attitudes towards sex, women working,” says Martine. “They sent this image to all parts of Brazil and made people conscious of other patterns of behavior and other values, which were put into a very attractive package.”
    Meanwhile, the installment plans tried to encourage the poor to become consumers. “This led to an enormous change in consumption patterns and consumption was incompatible（不相容的）with unlimited reproduction,” says Martine.
1). According to the passage, Brazil has cut back its population growth _________.
A. by educating its citizens
B. by careful family planning

C. by developing TV programmers
D. by chance
      满分：2  分
2). According to the passage, many Third World countries _________.
A.
haven’t attached much importance to birth control

B. would soon join Brazil in controlling their birth rate
C. haven’t yet found an effective measure to control their population
D. neglected the role of TV plays in family planning
      满分：2  分
3). The phrase “puts it down to” (Line 1, Pars.3) is closest in meaning to “_________”.
A. attributes it to
B. finds it a reason for
C. sums it up as
D. compares it to
      满分：2  分
4). Soap operas have helped in lowering Brazil’s birth rate because _________.
A. they keep people sitting long hours watching TV
B. they have gradually changed people’s way of life
C. people are drawn to their attractive package
D. they popularize birth control measures
      满分：2  分
5). What is Martine’s conclusion about Brazil’s population growth?
A. The increase in birth rate will promote consumption.
B. The desire for consumption helps to reduce birth rate.
C. Consumption patterns and reproduction patterns are contradictory
D. A country’s production is limited by its population growth.
      满分：2  分
3.  The appeal of advertising to buying motives can have both negative and positive effects. Consumers may be convinced to buy a product of poor quality or high price because of an advertisement. For example, some advertisers have appealed to people’s desire for better fuel economy for their cars by advertising automotive products that improve gasoline mileage. Some of the products work. Others are worthless and a waste of consumers’ money.
Sometimes advertising is intentionally misleading. A few years ago a brand of bread was offered to dieters（节食者）with the message that there were fewer calories（热量单位，大卡）in every slice. It turned out that the bread was not dietetic（适合于节食的）, but just regular bread. There were fewer calories because it was sliced very thin, but there were the same number of calories in every loaf.
On the positive side, emotional appeals may respond to a consumer’s real concerns. Consider fire insurance. Fire security of knowing that property is protected by insurance makes the purchase of fire insurance a worthwhile investment for most people. If consumers consider the quality of the insurance plans as well as the message in the ads, they will benefit from the advertising.
Each consumer must evaluate her or his own situation. Are the benefits of the product important enough to justify buying it? Advertising is intended to appeal to consumers, but it does not force them to buy the product. Consumers still control the final buying decision.
1). Advertising can persuade the consumer to buy worthless products by _________.
A. keeping a balance between quality and price
B. convincing him of their low price
C. appealing to his buying motives

D. stressing their high quality
      满分：2  分
2). The reason why the bread advertisement is misleading is that ________.
A. the total number of calories in the loaf remained the same
B. thin slices of bread could contain more calories
C. the loaf was cut into regular slices
D. the bread was not real bread
      满分：2  分
3). The passage tells us that _______.
A. advertisements occasionally force consumers into buying things they don’t need
B. the buying motives of consumers are controlled by advertisements

C. sometimes advertisements really sell what the consumer needs
D. fire insurance is seldom a worthwhile investment
      满分：2  分
4). It can be inferred from the passage that a smart consumer should _________.
A. be familiar with various advertising strategies
B. think carefully about the benefits described in the advertisements
C. guard against the deceiving nature of advertisements
D. avoid buying products that have strong emotional appeal
      满分：2  分
5). The passage is mainly about ________.
A. ways to protect the interests of the consumer
B. how to make a wise buying decision
C. the function of advertisements in promoting sales
D. the positive and negative aspects of advertising
      满分：2  分
4.  Although the United States covers so much land and the land produces far more food than the present population needs, its people are by now almost entirely and urban society. Less than a tenth of the people are engaged in agriculture and forestry (林业) , and most of the rest live in or around towns, small and large. Here the traditional picture is changing: every small town may still be very like other small towns, and the typical small town may represent a widely accepted view of the country, but most Americans do not live in small towns any more. Half the population now lives in some thirty metropolitan areas (large cities with their suburbs) of more than a million people each ---- a larger proportion than in Germany or England, let alone France. The statistics (统计) of urban and rural population should be treated with caution because so many people who live in areas classified as rural travel by car to work in a nearby town each day. As the rush to live out of town continues, rural areas within reach of towns are gradually filled with houses, so that it is hard to say at what moment a piece of country becomes a suburb. But most and more the typical American lives in a metropolitan rather than a small town environment.

1). If now America has 250 million people, how many of them are engaged in agriculture and forestry?
A. About 25 million.
B. More than 25 million.

C. Less than 25 million.
D. Less than 225 million.
      满分：2  分
2). Which of the following four countries has the smallest proportion of people living in metropolitan areas?
A. United States.
B. Germany.  
C. France.
D. England.
      满分：2  分
3). What’s the meaning of the word “metropolitan” in the middle of the passage?
A. Of a large city with its suburbs.
B. Of small and large towns.

C. Of urban areas.
D. Of rural areas.
      满分：2  分
4). According to the passage, what can we learn about small towns in the United States?
A. Most small towns become gradually crowded.
B. Small towns are still similar to each other.

C.  As the traditional picture is changing, towns are different.

D. Small towns are turning into large cities.
      满分：2  分
5). Why is it hard to say when a piece of country becomes a suburb?
A. Because they are the same.
B. Because the rush takes place too quickly.

C. Because the process is gradual.

D.  Because more and more Americans live in metropolitan areas.
      满分：2  分