标题: Americans are pound of their variety and individuality, yet they love and res... [打印本页] 作者: 李老师 时间: 2017-3-31 16:09 标题: Americans are pound of their variety and individuality, yet they love and res... Americans are pound of their variety and individuality, yet they love and respect few things more than a uniform, whether it is the uniform of an elevator operator or the uniform of a five-star general. Why are uniforms so popular in the United States?
Among the arguments for uniforms, one of the first is that in the eyes of most people they look more professional than civilian（百姓的）clothes. People have become conditioned to expect superior quality from a man who wears a uniform. The television repairman who wears uniform tends to inspire more trust than one who appears in civilian clothes. Faith in the skill of a garage mechanic is increased by a uniform. What easier way is there for a nurse, a policeman, a barber, or a waiter to lose professional identity（身份）than to step out of uniform?
Uniforms also have many practical benefits. They save on other clothes. They save on laundry bills. They are tax-deductible（可减税的）. They are often more comfortable and more durable than civilian clothes.
Primary among the arguments against uniforms is their lack of variety and the consequent loss of individuality experienced by people who must wear them. Though there are many types of uniforms, the wearer of any particular type is generally stuck with it, without change, until retirement. When people look alike, they tend to think, speak, and act similarly, on the job at least.
Uniforms also give rise to some practical problems. Though they are long-lasting, often their initial expense is greater than the cost of civilian clothes. Some uniforms are also expensive to maintain, requiring professional dry cleaning rather than the home laundering possible with many types of civilian clothes.
1). It is surprising that Americans who worship variety and individuality _______.
A. still judge a man by his clothes
B. hold the uniform in such high regard
C. enjoy having a professional identity
D. will respect an elevator operator as much as a general in uniform
满分：2 分
2). People are accustomed to think that a man in uniform _______.
A. suggests quality work
B. discards his social identity
C. appears to be more practical
D. looks superior to a person in civilian clothes
满分：2 分
3). The chief function of a uniform is to _______.
A. provide practical benefits to the wearer
B. make the wearer catch the pubic eye
C. inspire the wearer’s confidence in himself
D. provide the wearer with a professional identity
满分：2 分
4). According to the passage, people wearing uniforms _______.
A. are usually helpful
B. have little or no individual freedom
C. tend to lose their individuality
D. enjoy greater popularity
满分：2 分
5). The best title for this passage would be _______.
A. Uniforms and Society
B. The Importance of Wearing a Uniform
C. Practical Benefits of Wearing a Uniform
D. Advantages and Disadvantages of Uniforms
满分：2 分
2. One silly question I simply can't stand is "How do you feel". Usually the question is asked of a man in action--a man on the go, walking along the street, or busily working at his desk. So what do you expect him to say? He'll probably say, "Fine, I'm all right." But "you've put a bug in his ear" — maybe now he's not sure. If you are a good friend, you may have seen something in his face, or his walk, that he did not realize that morning. It starts him worrying a little. First thing you know, he looks in a mirror to sec if everything is all right, while you go merrily on your way asking someone else, "How do you feel?"
Every question has its time and place. It's perfectly acceptable, for instance, to ask "How do you feel?" if you're visiting a close friend in the hospital. But if the fellow is walking on both legs, hurrying to make a train, or sitting at his desk working, it's no time to ask him that silly question.
When George Bernard Shaw, the famous writer of plays was in his eighties, someone asked him "How do you feel", Shaw put him in his place. "When you reach my age", he said, "either you feel all right or you're dead."
1). According to the writer, greetings, such as "How do you feel?" _________ .
A. show one's consideration for others
B. are a good way to make friends
C. are proper to ask a man in action
D. generally make one feel uneasy
满分：2 分
2). The question "How do you feel?" seems to be correct and suitable when asked of ________ .
A. a man working at his desk
B. a person having lost a close friend
C. a stranger who looks somewhat worried
D. a friend who is ill
满分：2 分
3). The writer seems to feel that a busy man should _________ .
A. be praised for his efforts
B. never be asked any question
C. not be bothered
D. be discouraged from working so hard
满分：2 分
4). George Bernard Shaw's reply in the passage shows his ________ .
A. cheerfulness
B. cleverness
C. ability
D. politeness
满分：2 分
5). "You've put a bug in his ear "means that you've _________ .
A. made him laugh
B. shown concern for him
C. made fun of him
D. given him some kind of warning
满分：2 分
3. We find that bright children are rarely held back by mixed ability teaching. On the contrary, both their knowledge and experience are enriched. We feel that there are many disadvantages in streaming (把……按能力分班）pupils. It does not take into account the fact that children develop at different rates. It can have a bad effect on both the bright and the not-so-bright child. After all, it can be quite discouraging to be at the bottom of the top grade!
Besides, it is rather unreal to grade people just according to their intellectual ability. This is only one aspect of their total personality. We are concerned to develop the abilities of all our pupils to the full, not just their academic ability. We also value personal qualities and social skills, and we find that mixed-ability teaching contributes to all these aspects of learning.
In our classrooms, we work in various ways. The pupils often work in groups: this gives them the opportunity to learn to co-operate, to share, and to develop leadership skills. They also learn how to cope with personal problems as well as learning how to think, to make decisions, to analyze and evaluate, and to communicate effectively. The pupils learn from each other as well as from the teacher.
Sometimes the pupils work in pairs; sometimes they work on individual tasks and assignments, and they can do this at their own speed. They also have some formal class teaching when this is appropriate. We encourage our pupils to use the library, and we teach them the skills they need in order to do this efficiently. An advanced pupil can do advanced work: it does not matter what age the child is. We expect our pupils to do their best, not their least, and we give them every encouragement to attain this goal.
1). In the passage the author’s attitude towards “mixed-ability teaching” is _______.
A. critical
B. questioning
C. approving
D. objective
满分：2 分
2). By “held back” (Line 1) the author means “______”
A. made to remain in the same classes
B. forced to study I the lower classes
C. drawn to their studies
D. prevented from advancing
满分：2 分
3). The author argues that a teacher’s chief concern should be the development of the student’s ______.
A. personal qualities and social skills
B. total personality
C. learning ability and communicative skills
D. intellectual ability
满分：2 分
4). Which of the following is NOT MENTIONED in the third paragraph?
A. Group work gives pupils the opportunity to learn to work together with other.
B. Pupils also learn to develop their reasoning abilities.
C. Group work provides pupils with the opportunity to learn to be capable organizers.
D. Pupils also learn how to participate in teaching activities.
满分：2 分
5). The author’s purpose in writing this passage is to ______.
A. argue for teaching bright and not-so-bright pupils in the same class
B. recommend pair work and group work for classroom activities
C. offer advice on the proper use of the library
D. emphasize the importance of appropriate formal classroom teaching