一、阅读理解（共 4 道试题，共 40 分。）V 1. Acting is such an over-crowded profession that the only advice that should be given to a young person thinking of going on the stage is "Don't!" But it is useless to try to discourage someone who feels that he must act, although the chances of his becoming famous are slim. The normal way to begin is to go to a drama school. Usually only students who show promise and talent are accepted, and the course lasts two years. Then the young actor or actress takes up work with a theatrical company (剧团), usually as an assistant stage manager. This means doing everything that there is to do in the theatre and occasionally acting in very small parts. It is very hard work indeed, the hours are long and the salary is tiny.
Of course, some people have remarkable chances which lead to fame and success without this long and hard training. Connie Pratt, for example, was just an ordinary girl working in a bicycle factory. A film producer happened to catch sight of her one morning waiting at a bus stop, as he drove past in his car. He stopped and got out to speak to the girl. He asked if she would like to go to the film studio to do a test, and she thought he was joking. Then she got angry and said she would call the police. It took the producer twenty minutes to convince Connie that he was serious. The test was successful. And within a few weeks she was playing the leading part opposite one of the most famous actors of the day. But chances like this happen once in a blue moon!
1). From the very beginning, the author puts it clearly that acting is a profession _________ .
A. sought after by too many
B. too difficult for young people
C. for slim people only
D. one can go into without special training
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2). For someone who feels he must act, it is very likely that ________ .
A. he will become a film star at long last
B. he will become a stage manager
C. he will be well paid
D. he will end up without any success
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3). The film producer found Connie Pratt one morning when she was ________ .
A. at work in a bicycle factory
B. driving past him in her car
C. going to a film studio
D. waiting for a bus
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4). A few weeks after the test, Connie Pratt found herself ________ .
A. the most famous actress of the world
B. playing the leading female role in a play
C. as famous as the greatest actor of the world
D. no less famous than the leading actor of the day
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5). The concluding sentence "chances like this happen once in a blue moon" means _______ .
A. this is something which happens once in a while
B. this is a highly profitable chance
C. this is something highly possible
D. this is a very rare chance
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2. In the last 500 years, nothing about people—not their clothes, ideas, or languages—has changed as much as what they eat. The original chocolate drink was made from the seeds of the cocoa tree by South American Indians. The Spanish introduced it to the rest of the world during the 1500’s. And although it was very expensive, it quickly became fashionable. In London, shops where chocolate drinks were served became important meeting places. Some still exist today.
The potato is also from the new world. Around 1600, the Spanish brought it from Peru to Europe, where it soon was widely grown. Ireland became so dependent on it that thousands of Irish people starved when the crop failed during the “potato famine” of 1845-1846, and thousands more were forced to leave their motherland and move to America.
There are many other foods that have traveled from South American to the Old World. But some others went in the opposite direction. Brazil is now the world’s largest grower of coffee, and coffee is an important crop in Colombia and other South American countries. But it is native to Ethiopia, a country in Africa. It was first made into a drink by Arabs during the 1400’s.
According to an Arabic legend, coffee was discovered when a person named Kaldi noticed that his goats were attracted to the red berried on a coffee bush. He tried one and experienced the wide-awake feeling that one–third of the world’s population now starts the day with.
1). According to the passage, which of the following has changed the most in the last 500 years?
A. Food
B. Clothing
C. Ideas
D. Languages
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2). In the last sentence of the first paragraph “some” refers to ______.
A. some cocoa trees
B. some chocolate drinks
C. some shops
D. some South American Indians
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3). Thousands of Irish people starved during the “potato famine” because _______.
A. they were so dependent on potatoes that they refused to eat anything else
B. they were forced to leave their motherland and move to America
C. the weather conditions in Ireland were not suitable for growing potatoes
D. the potato harvest was bad
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4). Which country is the largest coffee producer?
A. Brazil
B. Colombia
C. Ethiopia
D. Egypt
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5). Which of the following statements is NOT true, according to the passage?
A. One–third of the world’s population drinks coffee.
B. Coffee is native to Colombia.
C. Coffee can keep one awake.
D. Coffee drinks were first made by Arabs.
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3. The resources of the library can be helpful even when we are doing something very informal, such as trying to devise a better way to measure attitudes toward music or looking for a better way to teach mathematics. The library can be equally helpful when we are doing something very formal, such as writing a dissertation (学位论文) or preparing an article for publication in a professional journal. In either case, our goal should be to use the library as a useful tool to help us understand and solve our problem.
The following sections of this chapter will describe specific resources available in many libraries. In some cases you may already be aware of a resource and may use it frequently and successfully. In other cases you may be completely unfamiliar with a resource. Your goal should be to become aware of what is available and to know how to use each of these resources to help you solve the problem they are designed to solve.
When educators have a piece of information that they want to share with their colleagues, they often make this information available in professional journals or at professional meetings. It would often be useful to have access to such information, and this chapter will describe the special services that enable us to locate such information.
1). The library resources can be helpful when we _______.
A. want to find a better way to measure attitudes toward music
B. are preparing a paper for a professional journal
C. are writing a dissertation
D. All of the above
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2). The familiarity of readers with different resources _______.
A. is more or less the same
B. varies slightly
C. differs greatly
D. should not be different
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3). The author believes that _______.
A. library resources should be used frequently and completely
B. library resources cannot be made good use of if they are not available to us
C. one is supposed to be aware of the library resources that are usually not available
D. one is supposed to have good knowledge and make good use of resources
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4). When educators wish to share some information with their colleagues, they often _______.
A. publish it in a professional journal
B. attend professional meetings
C. get access to it in the library
D. make use of some library services
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5). The chapter in question _______.
A. mainly deals with the ways of dissertation writing
B. presents information on publishing papers in professional journals
C. introduces some library services
D. describes some professional meetings
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4. We find that bright children are rarely held back by mixed ability teaching. On the contrary, both their knowledge and experience are enriched. We feel that there are many disadvantages in streaming (把……按能力分班）pupils. It does not take into account the fact that children develop at different rates. It can have a bad effect on both the bright and the not-so-bright child. After all, it can be quite discouraging to be at the bottom of the top grade!
Besides, it is rather unreal to grade people just according to their intellectual ability. This is only one aspect of their total personality. We are concerned to develop the abilities of all our pupils to the full, not just their academic ability. We also value personal qualities and social skills, and we find that mixed-ability teaching contributes to all these aspects of learning.
In our classrooms, we work in various ways. The pupils often work in groups: this gives them the opportunity to learn to co-operate, to share, and to develop leadership skills. They also learn how to cope with personal problems as well as learning how to think, to make decisions, to analyze and evaluate, and to communicate effectively. The pupils learn from each other as well as from the teacher.
Sometimes the pupils work in pairs; sometimes they work on individual tasks and assignments, and they can do this at their own speed. They also have some formal class teaching when this is appropriate. We encourage our pupils to use the library, and we teach them the skills they need in order to do this efficiently. An advanced pupil can do advanced work: it does not matter what age the child is. We expect our pupils to do their best, not their least, and we give them every encouragement to attain this goal.
1). In the passage the author’s attitude towards “mixed-ability teaching” is _______.
A. critical
B. questioning
C. approving
D. objective
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2). By “held back” (Line 1) the author means “______”
A. made to remain in the same classes
B. forced to study I the lower classes
C. drawn to their studies
D. prevented from advancing
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3). The author argues that a teacher’s chief concern should be the development of the student’s ______.
A. personal qualities and social skills
B. total personality
C. learning ability and communicative skills
D. intellectual ability
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4). Which of the following is NOT MENTIONED in the third paragraph?
A. Group work gives pupils the opportunity to learn to work together with other.
B. Pupils also learn to develop their reasoning abilities.
C. Group work provides pupils with the opportunity to learn to be capable organizers.
D. Pupils also learn how to participate in teaching activities.
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5). The author’s purpose in writing this passage is to ______.
A. argue for teaching bright and not-so-bright pupils in the same class
B. recommend pair work and group work for classroom activities
C. offer advice on the proper use of the library
D. emphasize the importance of appropriate formal classroom teaching
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