一、单选题（共 20 道试题，共 80 分。）V
1. ( ) refers to the physical equipment that can perform the basic functions contained within the data processing cycle.
A. Software
B. Hardware
C. Memory
D. CPU
满分：4 分
2. The fourth generation of computer is ( ).
A. vacuum tubes
B. transistors
C. integrated circuits
D. microprocessors
满分：4 分
3. The two components of the CPU are connected by a kind of electronic roadway called a(an) ( ).
A. USB
B. bus
C. port
D. keyboard
满分：4 分
4. The process of translating instructions into commands is called ( ).
A. decoding
B. register
C. digital
D. port
满分：4 分
5. The ( ) is the communications medium for the entire computer system.
A. system board
B. input
C. output
D. bus
满分：4 分
6. ( ) stands for Random Access Memory.It is the main location for holding programs and data that the CPU is presently processing.
A. RAM
B. ROM
C. input devices
D. memory
满分：4 分
7. A ( ) is the primary input device. It is used for entering letters, numbers and commands into the system.
A. RAM
B. keyboard
C. output devices
D. memory
满分：4 分
8. ( ) is the electronic device that interprets and carries out the basic instructions that operate the computer.
A. Processor
B. hardware
C. memory
D. CPU
满分：4 分
9. ( ) have more storage capacity than diskettes and also offer faster access to the data they hold.
A. Hard disks
B. Optical disks
C. Zip disk
D. CD
满分：4 分
10. ( ) stands for Read Only Memory, it is the computer memory on which data has been prerecorded.
A. RAM
B. ROM
C. CPU
D. Memory
满分：4 分
11. ( ) stands for Central Processing Unit. It performs the system's calculating and processing.
A. computer
B. CPU
C. input device
D. output device
满分：4 分
12. A ( ) is an electronic device that operates under the control of instructions stored in its own memory, which can according to specified rules, produce results,and store the results for future use.
A. computer
B. CPU
C. input device
D. output device
满分：4 分
13. ( ) performs arithmetic, comparison, and logic operations. It is one part of the CPU.
A. RAM
B. ROM
C. CPU
D. ALU
满分：4 分
14. ( ) can be in the form of programs, commands and user responses.
A. Processor
B. Instructions
C. Mouse
D. Port
满分：4 分
15. ( ) are the peripherals that allow users to enter data, programs, commands, and user responses into a computer and transform them into a suitable form for processing.
A. RAM
B. ROM
C. Input devices
D. Memory
满分：4 分
16. ( ) are output devices that print characters, symbols, and graphics on a physical medium such as paper and a transparency file.
A. Flat panel monitors
B. Printers
C. Keyboards
D. Pointing device
满分：4 分
17. The first generation of computer is ( ).
A. vacuum tubes
B. transistors
C. integrated circuits
D. microprocessors
满分：4 分
18. ( ) is one of the components of the CPU, tells the rest of the computer system how to carry out a program's instructions.
A. Control unit
B. ALU
C. RAM
D. ROM
满分：4 分
19. The first computers used ( ) for circuitry and magnetic drums for memory, and were often enormous, taking up entire rooms.
A. vacuum tubes
B. transistors
C. integrated circuits