一、单选题（共 20 道试题，共 80 分。）V 1. ( ) refers to the physical equipment that can perform the basic functions contained within the data processing cycle.
A. Software
B. Hardware
C. Memory
D. CPU
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2. The fourth generation of computer is ( ).
A. vacuum tubes
B. transistors
C. integrated circuits
D. microprocessors
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3. The two components of the CPU are connected by a kind of electronic roadway called a(an) ( ).
A. USB
B. bus
C. port
D. keyboard
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4. The process of translating instructions into commands is called ( ).
A. decoding
B. register
C. digital
D. port
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5. The ( ) is the communications medium for the entire computer system.
A. system board
B. input
C. output
D. bus
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6. ( ) stands for Random Access Memory.It is the main location for holding programs and data that the CPU is presently processing.
A. RAM
B. ROM
C. input devices
D. memory
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7. A ( ) is the primary input device. It is used for entering letters, numbers and commands into the system.
A. RAM
B. keyboard
C. output devices
D. memory
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8. ( ) is the electronic device that interprets and carries out the basic instructions that operate the computer.
A. Processor
B. hardware
C. memory
D. CPU
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9. ( ) have more storage capacity than diskettes and also offer faster access to the data they hold.
A. Hard disks
B. Optical disks
C. Zip disk
D. CD
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10. ( ) stands for Read Only Memory, it is the computer memory on which data has been prerecorded.
A. RAM
B. ROM
C. CPU
D. Memory
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11. ( ) stands for Central Processing Unit. It performs the system's calculating and processing.
A. computer
B. CPU
C. input device
D. output device
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12. A ( ) is an electronic device that operates under the control of instructions stored in its own memory, which can according to specified rules, produce results,and store the results for future use.
A. computer
B. CPU
C. input device
D. output device
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13. ( ) performs arithmetic, comparison, and logic operations. It is one part of the CPU.
A. RAM
B. ROM
C. CPU
D. ALU
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14. ( ) can be in the form of programs, commands and user responses.
A. Processor
B. Instructions
C. Mouse
D. Port
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15. ( ) are the peripherals that allow users to enter data, programs, commands, and user responses into a computer and transform them into a suitable form for processing.
A. RAM
B. ROM
C. Input devices
D. Memory
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16. ( ) are output devices that print characters, symbols, and graphics on a physical medium such as paper and a transparency file.
A. Flat panel monitors
B. Printers
C. Keyboards
D. Pointing device
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17. The first generation of computer is ( ).
A. vacuum tubes
B. transistors
C. integrated circuits
D. microprocessors
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18. ( ) is one of the components of the CPU, tells the rest of the computer system how to carry out a program's instructions.
A. Control unit
B. ALU
C. RAM
D. ROM
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19. The first computers used ( ) for circuitry and magnetic drums for memory, and were often enormous, taking up entire rooms.
A. vacuum tubes
B. transistors
C. integrated circuits
D. microprocessors
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20. A ( ) is a cable which is capable of carrying signals representing data from one place to another.
A. bus
B. USB
C. port
D. keyboard
满分：4 分